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Objective:To investigate the effect of activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARy)on cell cycle arrest of gastric carcinoma cell line MGC803.Methods:The inhibitory of pioglitazone (PGZ) on proliferation of MGC803 cells was analyzed by MTT assay.Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry (FCM).The expressions of PPARy,cyclin D1 and cell cycle protein-dependent kinase CDK4 in MGC803 cells were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results:Treatment with 0.1-10 μmol/L PGZ for 96 h significantly inhibited cell proliferation.The proportion of MGC803 cells at G1 phase was significantly increased when treated with 10 μmol/L PGZ for 48,72 and 96 h,and showed an apparent G1 phase arrest.The expression of PPARy was at a low level in MGC803 cells and significantly up-regulated when treated with 10 μmol/L PGZ for 48 h (P＜0.01).The expression of CDK4 in MGC803 cells was remarkably down-regulated when treated with 10 μmol/L PGZ for 48 h and the expression of cyclin D1 was slightly down-regulated (P＜0.01).Conclusion:Activation of PPARy significantly induced G1 phase arrest,which was associated with down-regulation of the expressions of CDK4 and cycUn D1.