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全民生产资料事实上的所有者——“政府财团”及其历史上的职能所有制问题研究中的最大困难,是找出国营企业事实上的所有者.名义上作为全民生产资料所有者的代表-国家,事实上是通过各个具体的政府职能部门来行使所有者的权利的.这些职能部门大体上可以分为两类:中央政府的行业主管部门,例如机械部、纺织部、石油化工总公司……以及一定级别以上的各级地方人民政府,例如河北省、上海市、广西壮族自治区、深圳特区的人民政府,等等.它们都不同程度地拥有并行使对于国营企业的所有权.从比较经济学的角度分析,根据
The greatest difficulty in the study of the de facto owner of the national means of production-“government consortium” and its historical ownership of functions is to find out the de facto owners of the state-owned enterprises, nominally the owners of the national production materials. The representative-state actually exercises the rights of the owners through various specific government functions. These functional departments can be broadly divided into two categories: the competent authorities of the central government, such as the Ministry of Machinery, the Ministry of Textiles, and the petrochemical industry. The company ... and local people’s governments at various levels and above, such as the people’s governments of Hebei Province, Shanghai Municipality, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, etc., all possess and exercise ownership of state-owned enterprises to varying degrees. Analysis of economics from the perspective of