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帆翼空气动力特性是帆船重要的性能之一,为了掌握帆船比赛中不同航向角时帆翼的空气动力特性,采用了缩尺比为1∶16的几何相似模型进行了单帆帆翼的空气动力性能试验研究,得到了不同航向角下帆翼的推力系数、侧向力系数随攻角变化关系和最大推力系数以及对应侧向力系数曲线。分析发现:在帆船航行中存在死角区,当航行角在此区域内不管攻角如何改变帆船都无前进推力,该帆翼的死角区为0°~10°;航向角小于40°时帆船航行不是理想状态;在航向角在40°~140°之间,最大推力系数随航向角增加而增加,对应侧向力系数则随航向角增加而减小。当航向角为140°时,最大推力系数是全过程中的最大值1.52,对应侧向力系数又是全过程中比较偏小的,所以,当航向角为140°左右时帆船有较理想的航行状态。试验结果和所作的结论,为帆船运动员在奥运会帆船比赛过程中帆翼调整提供了理论基础。
The aerodynamic characteristics of the sail is one of the important performance of the sailboat. In order to grasp the aerodynamic characteristics of the sail at different heading angles during the sailing competition, a single-sail airfoil The experimental study of dynamic performance shows that the thrust coefficient, the lateral force coefficient, the maximum thrust coefficient and the corresponding lateral force coefficient curve of the wing under different heading angles are obtained. It is found that there is a dead zone in the sailing of sailboat. When the sailing angle changes in this area regardless of the angle of attack, the sailing boat has no forward thrust. The dead zone of the sailing wing is 0 ° -10 °. Sailing sailing is carried out when the heading angle is less than 40 ° Is not ideal; when the heading angle is between 40 ° and 140 °, the maximum thrust coefficient increases with the increase of heading angle, and the corresponding lateral force coefficient decreases with the increase of heading angle. When the heading angle is 140 °, the maximum thrust coefficient is the maximum value of 1.52 in the whole process, and the corresponding lateral force coefficient is relatively small in the whole process. Therefore, when the heading angle is about 140 °, the sailboat has an ideal Sailing status. The test results and conclusions are the theoretical basis for sailboat sailing adjustment during Olympic sailing competition.