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如何量化人为活动对土地利用格局变化的影响是国内外学者所关注的热点问题,目前涉及人为影响空间分布特征的研究尚不多见。塔里木河上游地区是典型的生态脆弱带和环境危机带,对以人类活动为主导的区域水土资源的开发反响强烈,主要表现在其土地利用的空间格局随水土资源开发程度而发生的变化。本研究借助于3S技术和地统计学的空间分析方法,较系统分析了1990-2002年塔里木河上游地区阿克苏绿洲土地利用的时空变化特征,建立人为影响指数,定量揭示人为开发利用活动的空间变异、强度分布。研究表明,以阿克苏绿洲中心所在的人工绿洲系统为人为影响程度相对高的区域,广大的荒草地、沙地和部分水域为人为影响低的区域。2002年的人为影响特征与1990年相比,出现了较大变化,人为影响指数较高的区域面积在不断扩大,这与近年来当地人口数量上升导致的城乡建设用地面积增加和通过毁林、毁草来拓垦耕地有直接关系。
How to quantify the effect of human activities on the change of land use pattern is a hot issue that scholars both at home and abroad pay close attention to. At present, researches on the spatial distribution characteristics of human influence are still rare. The upper reaches of the Tarim River are typical ecological fragile zones and environmental crisis zones. They strongly respond to the development of water and land resources in areas dominated by human activities, mainly due to changes in the spatial pattern of land use in light of the development of water and land resources. By means of 3S and geostatistical methods, this study systematically analyzes the temporal and spatial variation of land use in Aksu Oasis in the upper reaches of Tarim River from 1990 to 2002, sets up artificial influence index and quantitatively reveals the spatial variability of human activities , Intensity distribution. The research shows that in the area where artificial oasis where Aksu Oasis Center is located is relatively human-influenced, a large area of wild grassland, sandy land and part of water area are artificially low affected areas. Compared with 1990, the anthropogenic impact characteristics in 2002 have seen a great change. The area with a high artificial influence index is constantly expanding. This is in line with the increase in the urban and rural construction land area caused by the increase in the population in recent years and through the deforestation, There is a direct relationship between rehabilitating cultivated land and rehabilitating grass.