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目的：研究新疆和田地区维吾尔族百岁以上老人的长寿因素。方法：检测和田地区维族百岁老人４４例（检测组）、和田地区６５岁以上维族老人３９例（对照１组）、和田地区６０岁以上汉族老人４７例（对照２组）及乌鲁木齐地区汉族老人４７例（对照３组）的血清、唾液免疫球蛋白、补体和外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群数值。结果：检测组及对照１组免疫球蛋白明显高于对照２、３组（Ｐ＜０．０１），Ｃ３、Ｃ４无差异而ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８有差异。检测组与对照１组唾液免疫球蛋白及补体无差异。结论：完善的免疫功能是长寿的必备因素。
Objective: To study the longevity of Uyghur elderly over 100 years old in Hetian area. Methods: 44 cases of Uygur age-old in Hetian district (test group), 39 Uygurs elderly over 65 years in Hetian area (control group 1), 47 elderly Han people over 60 years old in Hetian area (control group 2) and Han nationality elderly in Urumqi 47 cases (control group 3) serum, salivary immunoglobulin, complement and peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets values. Results: The immunoglobulin in test group and control group 1 was significantly higher than that in control group 2 and group 3 (P <0.01). There was no difference between C3 and C4 but the difference of CD3, CD4 and CD8. There was no difference between saliva immunoglobulin and complement in test group and control group 1. Conclusion: The perfect immune function is an essential factor for longevity.