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目的了解陕西省宁强县流动儿童的免疫接种现状,为流动儿童的免疫接种管理提供依据。方法使用统一的调查表,在县辖26个乡镇调查所有0～7岁流动儿童。结果共调查203名流动儿童,建证率87.68%,建卡率12.32%,卡介苗(BCG)、百白破(DPT)、脊灰减毒活疫苗(OPV)、麻疹减毒活疫苗(MV)、乙型肝炎病毒疫苗(HepB)--5苗全程接种率62.07%,流脑和乙脑接种率分别为48.61%、45.97%。流动人口主要为邻省和本省外县流入,流动儿童家长文化程度偏低,初中以下占77.83%,主要从事经商等工作,预防接种知识来源少、渠道单一。结论宁强县流动儿童免疫接种率较低,应采用多种接种形式,加大对流动儿童家长的宣传力度,建立由多部门参与的流动儿童报告管理系统,积极探索切实可行的农村流动儿童免疫接种方法。
Objective To understand the immunization status of migrant children in Ningqiang County of Shaanxi Province and provide the basis for the immunization of migrant children. Methods A unified questionnaire was used to survey all migrant children aged 0-7 in 26 townships under the jurisdiction of the county. Results A total of 203 migrant children were investigated. The rate of establishing card was 87.68%, card rate was 12.32%, BCG, DPT, OPV, live attenuated measles vaccine (MV) Hepatitis B virus vaccine (HepB) - 5 seedlings vaccination rate of 62.07%, meningitis and Japanese encephalitis vaccination rates were 48.61%, 45.97%. The floating population mainly flows into the neighboring provinces and counties outside the province. The educational level of migrant children is low, with 77.83% below junior high school, mainly engaged in business and other work. There is little source of knowledge and channels for vaccination. Conclusion The immunization rate of migrant children in Ningqiang County is relatively low. A variety of inoculation forms should be adopted to increase the publicity of migrant children’s parents. A multi-departmental reporting and management system for migrant children should be established to actively explore practical and feasible immunization for migrant children in rural areas Inoculation methods.