精神文明是人们在改造客观世界的同时改造主观世界的成果,本质上是一种精神现象。它以观念、思想、意识等精神形态存在于人的主观世界,同时通过语言、行为、物质文明等形式表现于客观外部世界。探讨精神文明与其表现形式的关系,有助于丰富对物质文明与精神文明相互关系的认识,可以纠正将精神文明与其表现形式混为一谈的错误倾向,丰富对精神文明研究的方法论。 Spiritual civilization is the result of people’s transformation of the subjective world while transforming the objective world. It is essentially a spiritual phenomenon. It exists in people’s subjective world in the form of ideas, thoughts and consciousness, and is also manifested in the objective external world by means of language, behavior and material civilization. Exploring the relationship between spiritual civilization and its manifestations helps to enrich the understanding of the interrelationship between material civilization and spiritual civilization, to correct the wrong tendencies of confusing spiritual civilization with its manifestations, and to enrich the methodology of studying spiritual civilization.