人到老年必然会碰到工作、生活各方面的变化。老人一退休就会有社会角色的改变,角色改变不仅意味着失掉了某种权利,更为重要的是失掉了原来所担当的那个角色的感情,改变了几十年形成的那种行为模式。失落感、自卑感、孤独感等负性情感伴随而来,使老人难以适应。因此老人必须及时地采取措施,充当新的角色,进行自我调适,以适 To old age, people inevitably encounter changes in all aspects of their work and life. As soon as an elderly person retires, he or she will have a change in social roles. Changing roles not only means losing some kind of rights, but more importantly, losing the original role and changing the pattern of behavior that has been formed for decades. Loss of feeling, sense of inferiority, sense of loneliness and other negative emotions accompanied by the elderly difficult to adapt. Therefore, the elderly must take timely measures to act as a new role for self-adjustment.