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目的探讨母亲出生体重与新生儿出生体重的关系,以便为研究母亲宫内发育不良对子代发育的影响提供线索。方法通过巢式病例对照研究,采用多重线性回归分析了解母亲出生体重与新生儿出生体重的关系,并以非条件Logistic回归分析进一步探讨母亲出生体重对小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)、大于胎龄儿(large for gestational age,LGA)的影响。结果 SGA的发生率为7.04%,LGA发生率为14.65%。多重线性回归分析结果显示,母亲出生体重与新生儿出生体重呈正相关,母亲出生体重每增加1 kg,新生儿出生体重增加174 g(β=0.174,95%CI:0.134~0.213)。随母亲出生体重的增加,SGA发生率递减(χ_(趋势)~2=13.791,P<0.001),LGA的发生率递增(χ_(趋势)~2=7.900,P=0.005),母亲低出生体重(<2 500 g)是SGA的危险因素(OR=2.458,95%CI:1.333~4.534);以孕期增重分层分析后,结论一致,但出生体重较低的孕妇(<2 500 g)孕期增重不足会导致SGA发生风险增高。结论孕妇出生体重低是分娩SGA的危险因素,随着孕妇出生体重增加,新生儿出生体重增大,但未发现LGA与孕妇出生体重有关。
Objective To explore the relationship between mother’s birth weight and newborn birth weight in order to provide clues for studying the impact of maternal malnutrition on the development of offspring. Methods According to the nested case-control study, the relationship between mother’s birth weight and newborn’s birth weight was examined by multiple linear regression analysis. The non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was used to further explore the effects of mother’s birth weight on small for gestational age (SGA) , Greater than gestational age (large for gestational age, LGA). Results The incidence of SGA was 7.04% and the incidence of LGA was 14.65%. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the birth weight of mothers was positively correlated with the birth weight of newborns. The birth weight of newborns increased 174 g (β = 0.174, 95% CI: 0.134-0.213) for every 1 kg of birth weight. With the increase of mother’s birth weight, the incidence of SGA decreased (χ_ (trend) ~ 2 = 13.791, P <0.001), and the incidence of LGA increased (χ_ (trend) ~ 2 = 7.900, P = 0.005) (<2 500 g) were risk factors for SGA (OR = 2.458, 95% CI: 1.333-4.534). The results of stratified analysis of pregnancy weight gain were consistent with those of low birth weight pregnant women (<2 500 g) Insufficient weight gain during pregnancy leads to an increased risk of SGA. Conclusions Low birth weight of pregnant women is a risk factor for delivery of SGA. With the increase of pregnant women ’s birth weight, the newborn’ s birth weight increases. However, it is not found that LGA is related to the birth weight of pregnant women.