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目的了解怀远县农村饮用水中高氟水的分布情况,地氟病的发生情况及其相关性,从而给以后的降氟改水工程提供有效的支持。方法根据《技术方案》的要求进行调查研究,并整理资料。结果641个行政村中有227个为高水氟村,比例为35.41%,调查的32050名儿童中,患氟斑牙极轻度以上的为3825名,患病率为11.93%,两者呈非常显著的正相关,r=0.7150,P<0.01。对3174个水井中小于等于50m的水井的调查中,发现水井深度与水氟浓度呈显著性负相关,r=-0.9496,t=5.264,P<0.05。男、女氟斑牙的发病差异无显著性,χ2=0.2795,P>0.05。沿涡河、淮河的乡镇对高氟村的分布影响差异有极显著性,χ2=199.86,P<0.01。结论水氟的高低与氟斑牙的发病率呈非常显著的正相关,性别的不同对氟斑牙的发病没有影响,涡河、淮河两大水系对高氟水的分布起着决定性的影响,该县的高氟水属富集型浅层高氟地下水。
Objective To understand the distribution of fluoride in rural drinking water in Huaiyuan County, the incidence of ground-borne fluoro-disease and its correlation, so as to provide effective support for future fluoride-reducing and water-diversion projects. Methods According to the requirements of “Technical Scheme”, the investigation and research and data collation were conducted. Results Of the 641 administrative villages, 227 were high-fluoride water-bearing villages with a ratio of 35.41%. Among the 32,050 children surveyed, 3825 were suffering from extremely mild dental fluorosis with a prevalence of 11.93% Very significant positive correlation, r = 0.7150, P <0.01. In a survey of 3174 wells with a diameter of 50 m or less, a significant negative correlation was found between the well depth and water fluoride concentration (r = -0.9496, t = 5.264, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of dental fluorosis between male and female, χ2 = 0.2795, P> 0.05. The distribution of high fluorine villages along the eddy and Huaihe townships has a significant difference (χ2 = 199.86, P <0.01). Conclusions The level of fluoride in water has a very significant positive correlation with the incidence of dental fluorosis. The difference in gender has no effect on the incidence of dental fluorosis. The distribution of high-fluorine water in both eddies and Huaihe River plays a decisive role. The county’s high-fluorine water is rich in shallow high-fluoride groundwater.