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目的:探讨人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）DNA联合外周血细胞周期蛋白A（cyclin A）、细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶2（CDK2）mRNA检测对子宫颈鳞状细胞癌的诊断价值。方法:选取江阴市中医院2018年1月至2021年10月收治的80例子宫颈鳞状细胞癌患者作为研究对象，另选同期治疗的80例子宫颈炎等子宫颈良性病变患者作为对照。采用基因芯片检测2组患者子宫颈石蜡包埋组织的HPV-DNA水平，采用反转录聚合酶链反应检测外周血单核细胞cyclin A、CDK2 mRNA水平。采用多因素logistic回归分析子宫颈鳞状细胞癌发病的相关因素。以病理活组织检查结果为金标准，采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线判定HPV-DNA和外周血cyclin A、CDK2 mRNA单独及联合检测对子宫颈鳞状细胞癌的诊断效能。结果:子宫颈鳞状细胞癌患者HPV-DNA阳性率高于对照组[75.00%（60/80）比13.75%（11/80），n P<0.05]；子宫颈鳞状细胞癌患者cyclin A、CDK2 mRNA相对表达量分别为0.26±0.08、1.49±0.07，均高于对照组（0.11±0.03、1.14±0.06），差异均有统计学意义（均n P1次（n OR=3.093，95% n CI 1.386~6.899，n P=0.021）、初产年龄≤18岁（n OR=3.684，95% n CI 1.651~8.219，n P=0.013）、HPV-DNA阳性（n OR=4.125，95% n CI 1.849~9.202，n P=0.001）及外周血cyclin A mRNA相对表达量升高（n OR=3.800，95% n CI 1.703~8.478，n P=0.006）、CDK2 mRNA相对表达量升高（n OR=4.821，95% n CI 2.161~10.756，n P=0.008）为子宫颈鳞状细胞癌发病的危险因素。ROC曲线分析显示，HPV-DNA和外周血cyclin A、CDK2 mRNA单独及三者联合诊断子宫颈鳞状细胞癌的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.769（95% n CI 0.700~0.838）、0.756（95% n CI 0.688~0.823）、0.755（95% n CI 0.689~0.820）、0.827（95% n CI 0.766~0.888）。n 结论:HPV-DNA和外周血cyclin A、CDK2 mRNA相对表达量可用于辅助诊断子宫颈鳞状细胞癌，且三者联合的诊断效能更高。“,”Objective:To investigate the diagnostic values of detections of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA combined with peripheral blood cyclin A mRNA and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) mRNA for cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:Eighty patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated in Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to October 2021 were selected as the research objects. Eighty patients with benign cervical lesions such as cervicitis treated in the same period were selected as the control. The levels of HPV-DNA in paraffin-embedded tissues of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were detected by gene chip, and the mRNA expression levels of cyclin A and CDK2 in peripheral blood monocytes were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The related factors of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Taking the results of pathological biopsy as the gold standard, the diagnostic efficacy of HPV-DNA, peripheral blood cyclin A mRNA and CDK2 mRNA single and combined detection for cervical squamous cell carcinoma were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The positive rate of HPV-DNA in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma was higher than that in the control group [75.00% (60/80) vs. 13.75% (11/80), n P < 0.05]; the relative expressions of cyclin A mRNA and CDK2 mRNA in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma were 0.26±0.08 and 1.49±0.07, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group (0.11±0.03 and 1.14±0.06), and the differences were statistically significant (both n P 1 ( n OR = 3.093, 95% n CI 1.386-6.899, n P = 0.021), the age of first birth ≤18 years old (n OR = 3.684, 95% n CI 1.651-8.219, n P = 0.013), the positive HPV-DNA (n OR = 4.125, 95% n CI 1.849-9.202, n P = 0.001), the increased relative expression of cyclin A mRNA in peripheral blood (n OR = 3.800, 95% n CI 1.703-8.478, n P = 0.006) and the increased relative expression of CDK2 mRNA in peripheral blood (n OR = 4.821, 95% n CI 2.161-10.756, n P = 0.008) were risk factors for the occurrence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of HPV-DNA, peripheral blood cyclin A mRNA and CDK2 mRNA in single and combined diagnosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were 0.769 (95% n CI 0.700-0.838), 0.756 (95% n CI 0.688-0.823), 0.755 (95% n CI 0.689-0.820) and 0.827 (95% n CI 0.766-0.888), respectively.n Conclusions:HPV-DNA and the levels of cyclin A mRNA and CDK2 mRNA in peripheral blood can be used to assist in the diagnosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and the combination of the three has high diagnostic efficiency.