细节,细微的环节和情节,象人体的细胞,是构成文学艺术作品的最基本的单位。恩格斯有句名言:“现实主义的意思是,除细节的真实外,还要真实地再现典型环境中的典型人物。”大量文艺作品表明,真实的细节描写正是描绘典型环境、刻划典型人物的重要艺术手段。鲁迅的短篇小说《孔乙己》就是一个十分突出的例子。《孔乙己》,文字不满三千,只通过小伙计的见闻,描写了孔乙己一生中几幅生活画面,没有完整的故事,没有连贯的情节,但是它的时代特征极为鲜明,它的人物形象栩栩如 Details, subtle aspects and plots, like human cells, are the most basic units of literary and artistic works. Engels had a famous saying: “Realism means that in addition to the true nature of the details, it is necessary to truly reproduce the typical characters in a typical environment.” A large number of literary works show that the true details of the description is to depict the typical environment, depict typical characters The important arts means. Lu Xun’s short story “Kong Yiji” is a very prominent example. “Kong Yiji,” with less than 3,000 words, only described the picture of life in Kong Yiji’s life through the knowledge of the young man. He did not have a complete story or a coherent plot, but his characteristics of the times are extremely distinct. For example