骨髓增生异常综合征(Myelodysplastic Syndrome, MDS)是一组病因未明的造血干细胞功能异常所致的病症,近年来已引起国内外学者广泛重视。 MDS并非独立疾病,其共同特点是难治性贫血,伴或不伴有白(粒)细胞和/或血小板减小,周围血细胞形态可有异常。骨髓呈病态造血,红系、粒系、单核系及巨核细胞系均可见程度不同的质与量的改变。MDS多数经过缓慢,一般病程较长,可迁延数年至十余年。有的MDS由于血细胞减少的并发症导致出血或感染而死亡。有的MDS在病程中可转化为急性白血病(AL)。因此,有人称MDS为白血病前期 Myelodysplastic syndrome (Myelodysplastic Syndrome, MDS) is a group of etiology of unknown hematopoietic stem cell dysfunction caused by disease, in recent years has attracted widespread attention of scholars at home and abroad. MDS is not an independent disease, its common feature is refractory anemia, with or without white (granulocytes) and / or thrombocytopenia, peripheral blood cell morphology may be abnormal. Bone marrow was pathological hematopoietic, erythroid, myeloid, mononuclear and megakaryocytic lines were seen varying degrees of quality and quantity changes. MDS after the majority of slow, generally longer duration, can be delayed for several years to more than ten years. Some MDS die as a result of complications of cytopenia resulting in bleeding or infection. Some MDS in the course of the disease can be transformed into acute leukemia (AL). Therefore, some people call MDS for leukemia