同伴交往的作用 古人云:人不可无群。这是人的社会属性所决定的,人从出生后几个月便开始有了社会交往的需要和行动。一个很好适应社会的人,必然有其所归属的群体。 心理学家的研究证明,随着身心的发展,同伴交往受到人的认知因素的影响,年龄越小越会受到行为等外在因素的制约;随着年龄增长,人格因素,如同情、爱戴等内在因素,日益成为选择朋友的决定因素。 也就是说,在幼儿期,最为显著的倾向是选择具有“和自己一起游戏”的或“到家里玩”等“相互接近”的因素的人作为自己的朋友。上小学以后,以“风趣、温柔、热情”等作为条件,以“玩得有意思”为主。而到了上中学以后的青春期,人格因素急剧地上升到第一位,以“愉快、活泼、开朗、爽快”作为选择朋友理由的,多见于男生;女生则以“温柔、热情”为多。人格因素还包括“心眼好、大方、干脆,具有人格魅力”等方面。 一个人从小到大,一直到完成高中学业,基本上是家庭、学校两个 The role of peer interaction Ancient cloud: people can not be without groups. This is determined by the social attributes of people. People need to have social interactions and actions in the months after birth. A well-adapted person must have a group to which he belongs. Studies by psychologists have shown that with the development of mind and body, peer interaction is influenced by human cognitive factors. The younger the age, the more restrictive it is by external factors such as behavior. With age, personality factors are like feelings and affection. Such intrinsic factors have increasingly become the deciding factor in choosing friends. In other words, in the early childhood period, the most significant tendency is to choose a person who has “closeness to each other” such as “playing with oneself” or “playing at home” as a friend. After elementary school, it was based on “fun, gentleness, and enthusiasm” as conditions, and “played interesting” as the main theme. In the post-secondary years of adolescence, the personality factor rose sharply to the first place. “Friendly, lively, cheerful, and refreshing” was used as a reason to choose friends. It was more common in boys and girls were more “gentle and enthusiastic”. Personality factors also include “good-mindedness, generousness, simplicity, personality charm” and so on. One is from small to large until high school is completed. It is basically home and school.