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基于家庭经济理论与健康投资理论,本文通过构建农村家庭劳动时间分配模型,系统研究健康对农村家庭劳动力非农就业的效率效应与配置效应。基于江苏省651名农村劳动力的调查数据研究发现,劳动力健康水平不仅对劳动力自身外出就业产生影响(效率效应),还会影响家庭成员劳动时间的分配,对家庭其他成员的非农就业造成显著影响(配置效应)。效率效应表明农村劳动力自身健康状况越好,其参与非农就业概率越高;配置效应则显示家庭成员不健康的比例越高,家庭其他劳动力参与非农就业的可能性越低。改善我国农村健康状况,不仅有利于促进家庭成员自身非农就业,还有利于增加家庭其他劳动力的非农就业机会。
Based on the family economic theory and health investment theory, this paper systematically studies the efficiency and allocation effect of health on non-farm employment of rural family workers by constructing a model of time distribution of rural family labor. Based on the survey data of 651 rural laborers in Jiangsu Province, it is found that the level of labor health not only affects the workforce’s own employment (efficiency effect) but also affects the distribution of labor time among family members and has a significant impact on non-farm employment of other family members (Configuration effect). The efficiency effect shows that the better the rural laborer’s own health condition is, the higher the probability of participating in non-farm employment is. The disposition effect shows that the higher the unhealthy proportion of family members, the lower the possibility of other family labors participating in non-farm employment. Improving the health status of rural areas in our country is not only conducive to promoting non-agricultural employment of family members themselves, but also to non-agricultural employment opportunities that increase the family’s other workforce.