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目的测定石香薷(Moslem chinensis Maxim)精油对白纹伊蚊(Aedes albopictus)的生物活性,分析石香薷精油的化学成分,为开发植物源蚊虫控制剂提供研究基础。方法水蒸汽蒸馏法提取石香薷精油;采用浸液法测定精油对白纹伊蚊4龄期幼虫及蛹的毒杀活性;采用人体局部涂肤法测试其对成蚊的驱避活性;通过气相色谱-质谱联用法分析石香薷精油的化学成分。结果 (1)石香薷精油对4龄期幼虫及蛹的24hLC50值分别为78.820和122.656μg/ml;(2)涂抹1.5mg/cm2的纯精油,对成蚊有(2.330±0.167)h的完全保护时间,6h后仍然有56%的保护率;(3)从精油中共检出44种化合物,鉴定出39种,占总量的98.67%。主要成分有:对-聚伞花素(23.17%)、香荆芥酚(16.83%)、百里香酚(14.92%)、2-异丙基-4-甲基茴香醚(12.89%)、桉树脑(8.48%)、石竹烯(3.96%)、α-石竹烯(3.16%)和乙酸瑞香酯(2.71%)。结论石香薷精油对白纹伊蚊幼虫及成蚊均有较强的生物活性,具有从中发现新的灭蚊天然活性化合物和研发成环保型蚊虫控制剂的潜力。
Objective To determine the biological activity of essential oil of Moslem chinensis Maxim against Aedes albopictus and to analyze the chemical constituents of the essential oil from the genus Desmodium so as to provide a basis for the development of plant-source mosquito control agents. Methods The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation and the poisoning activity of the essential oil on the 4th instar larvae and pupae of Aedes albopictus was determined by immersion method. The repellent activity against the 4th instar larvae and pupae of Aedes albopictus was determined by immersion method and its repellent activity against adult mosquitoes was tested by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Analysis of the chemical composition of the essential oil of Results (1) 24hLC50 values of Essential Oil of Scented Oil on 4th instar larvae and pupae were 78.820 and 122.656μg / ml, respectively. (2) Pure essential oil of 1.5mg / Protection time, there is still 56% protection rate after 6h; (3) 44 kinds of compounds were detected from the essential oil, 39 kinds were identified, accounting for 98.67% of the total. The main components are para-cymene (23.17%), carvacrol (16.83%), thymol (14.92%), 2-isopropyl-4-methyl anisole (12.89%), (8.48%), Caryophyllene (3.96%), α-Caryophyllene (3.16%), and Erimidex (2.71%). Conclusion The essential oil of Perilla frutescens leaves has strong biological activity against Aedes albopictus larvae and adult mosquitoes, and has the potential of discovering new natural mosquito-repellent compounds and developing environmentally friendly mosquito control agents.