论文部分内容阅读
目的了解某县单采血浆供血者艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染状况。方法 (1)对某县全部人口进行逐户调查有偿供血者,采集血标本分离血清检测HIV抗体。(2)利用监测系统,开展动态监测,发现漏筛HIV感染者和AIDS病人;(3)采用快速蛋白印迹方法 (RWB)或酶联免疫吸附试验方法 (ELISA)初筛,阳性者用Western-blot确认。用套式聚合酶链反应(Nest-PCR)扩增产物并进行序列分析,对HIV型别和亚型进行鉴定。结果 1995-2009年,全县共发现有偿供血者HIV/AIDS病人226例,其中1995年3月有偿供血者中普查到HIV感染者111例,感染率为5.53%(111/2008),单采血浆供血者感染率为15.05%(79/525),既供全血又供血浆者感染率为8.06%(32/397),供全血者无感染者发现(0/1086)。1996-2009年追踪监测发现115例HIV感染者,发现的方式包括血液中心的HIV抗体筛查、VCT、医院就诊、孕妇筛查和术前检查等。结论在爆发初期,由于恐惧和歧视等原因,人们隐瞒了有偿供血史而被漏筛,经过15年的追踪监测,显现出了这起有偿供血者HIV/AIDS爆发的全貌。
Objective To understand the HIV status of apheresis plasma in a county. Methods (1) The blood donors were collected from all the population in a county by household survey, and blood samples were collected to separate the serum to detect HIV antibody. (2) The surveillance system was used to carry out dynamic monitoring and found that the HIV-infected persons and AIDS patients missed the screening. (3) The positive samples were screened by Western blot (RWB) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) blot confirmed. The products were amplified by Nest-PCR and subjected to sequence analysis to identify HIV genotypes and subtypes. Results A total of 226 HIV / AIDS patients were found in the county from 1995 to 2009. Among them, 111 cases of HIV infection were found in paid blood donors in March 1995, the infection rate was 5.53% (111/2008) The infection rate of plasma donors was 15.05% (79/525). The infection rate of whole blood and plasma donors was 8.06% (32/397). No infection was found in whole blood (0/1086). In the period of 1996-2009, 115 HIV-infected patients were found in follow-up surveillance. HIV antibody screening, VCT, hospital visits, pregnant women screening and preoperative examination were found in blood centers. Conclusions In the early stages of outbreak, due to fear and discrimination, people were screened for lack of information on the history of paid blood supply. After 15 years of follow-up and monitoring, the full picture of the HIV / AIDS outbreak has been shown.