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目的了解我院水痘患儿临床特点。方法回顾性分析2010年8月至2011年2月在我院感染科住院的125例水痘患儿临床资料。结果 125例水痘患儿年龄分布:0～1岁27例(21.6%),～3岁25例(20.0%),～6岁45例(36.0%),～12岁25例(20.0%),～16岁5例(4.0%)。99例(79.2%)出现并发症,其中合并皮肤感染63例(50.4%),扁桃体炎24例(19.2%),肺炎16例(12.8%),支气管炎15例(12.0%)。根据并发症,将水痘患儿分为单纯水痘组、水痘并皮肤感染组及水痘并肺炎组。与单纯水痘组比较,水痘并皮肤感染组患儿的发热天数及C反应蛋白(CRP)、血红蛋白含量差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),白细胞计数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);水痘并肺炎组的发热天数及血红蛋白含量有统计学差异(P<0.05),CRP、白细胞计数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论水痘多发生在学龄前及学龄儿童。最常见的并发症是继发皮肤感染,C反应蛋白可作为鉴别水痘合并细菌感染的一项可靠的指标。
Objective To understand the clinical features of children with chicken pox in our hospital. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 125 cases of chicken pox inpatients hospitalized in our department from August 2010 to February 2011 was performed. Results The age distribution of 125 cases of chicken pox was 27 cases (21.6%) in 0-1 years old, 25 cases (20.0%) at 3 years old, 45 cases (36.0%) at 6 years old and 25 cases (20.0%) at 12 years old ~ 16 years old in 5 cases (4.0%). Ninety-nine patients (79.2%) had complications, of which 63 (50.4%) had combined skin infections, 24 (19.2%) had tonsillitis, 16 (12.8%) had pneumonia and 15 (12.0%) had bronchitis. According to the complication, children with chickenpox were divided into simple chickenpox group, chickenpox and skin infection group and chickenpox and pneumonia group. Compared with pure chickenpox group, the days of fever, C-reactive protein (CRP) and hemoglobin in children with chickenpox and skin infection were significantly different (P <0.05), while there was no significant difference in white blood cell count (P> 0.05) (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in CRP and leucocyte count between the group of chickenpox and pneumonia (P> 0.05). Conclusions Chickenpox mostly occurs in preschool and school-age children. The most common complication is secondary to skin infections and C-reactive protein can be used as a reliable indicator of varicella-combined bacterial infection.