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糖尿病是一种较为常见的代谢性疾病。它主要是由于胰岛素原、胰岛素代谢异常等引起胰岛素的实际生物效应降低所致。一、胰岛素原的来源、代谢及其与糖尿病的联系胰岛素β细胞首先合成大单链的前胰岛素原(Preproinsulin),然后从N末端迅速脱落一节前肽片断,形成胰岛素的前身物——胰岛素原(Proinsrln)。人胰岛素原由86个氨基酸组成,为一多肽链。其生物活性只有胰岛素的5％左右。在转化酶的作用下,它可裂解形成胰岛素与连接肽(或称“C”肽)及四个硷性氨基酸。它们和少量未经转化的胰岛素原(5～15％)进入血液循环,胰岛素原和C肽最终由肾
Diabetes is a more common metabolic disease. It is mainly due to the proinsulin, insulin metabolism abnormalities caused by the reduction of the actual biological effects of insulin. First, the source of proinsulin, metabolism and its relationship with diabetes Insulin beta cells first synthesis of large single chain proinsulin (Preproinsulin), and then quickly from the N-terminal propeptide fragments off, the formation of insulin precursor - insulin Proinsrln. Human proinsulin consists of 86 amino acids, a polypeptide chain. Its biological activity is only about 5% of insulin. Under the action of invertase, it cleaves to form insulin and linker (or “C” peptide) and four basic amino acids. They and a small amount of untransformed proinsulin (5 ~ 15%) into the blood circulation, proinsulin and C-peptide eventually by the kidney