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目的了解新疆昌吉回族自治州孕妇的膳食结构及营养素摄入水平,以便指导孕期保健,改善和提高孕妇营养状况。方法以1060名孕妇为调查对象,采用问卷调查法了解研究对象的基本情况,采用24小时回顾法进行膳食营养状况调查。结果孕早期组孕妇的膳食构成中,粮谷类摄入量467.95g,占膳食构成的36.37%;乳类摄入量133.57g,占10.38%;畜禽类摄入量85.48g,占6.64%;水果385.39g,占29.96%;蔬菜摄入量153.32g,占11.92%。孕中期组孕妇膳食构成中,粮谷类摄入量454.49g,占34.82%;乳类摄入量137.78g,占10.55%;畜禽类摄入量89.82g,占6.88%;水果摄入量410.65g,占31.46%;蔬菜摄入量148.61g,占11.38%。孕晚期组孕妇粮谷类摄入量437.13g,占33.57%;乳类摄入量136.92g,占10.52%;畜禽类摄入量92.46g,占7.10%;水果摄入量426.52g,占32.76%;蔬菜摄入量145.82g,占11.20%。孕早期、孕中期以及孕晚期孕妇血红蛋白水平差异有统计学意义(F=5.97,P=0.003)。孕早期与孕中期血红蛋白水平均高于孕晚期(LSD-t=4.12,P=0.017;LSD-t=3.55,P=0.032)。结论维生素A、C、B1、B2为孕妇易缺乏的维生素。建议在孕妇中早期开展宣传工作,加强对孕妇的营养指导,注意补充孕妇易缺乏的维生素。
Objective To understand the dietary structure and nutrient intake of pregnant women in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang so as to guide the health care during pregnancy and improve and improve the nutritional status of pregnant women. Methods A total of 1060 pregnant women were enrolled in this study. The questionnaires were used to understand the basic conditions of the study subjects and the 24-hour review method was used to investigate the nutritional status of the patients. Results Pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy diet composition, grain intake 467.95g, accounting for 36.37% of diet composition; milk intake 133.57g, accounting for 10.38%; livestock and poultry intake 85.48g, accounting for 6.64%; Fruit 385.39g, accounting for 29.96%; vegetable intake 153.32g, accounting for 11.92%. Pregnant women in the second trimester pregnant women diet composition, grain intake 454.49g, accounting for 34.82%; dairy intake 137.78g, accounting for 10.55%; livestock and poultry intake 89.82g, accounting for 6.88%; fruit intake 410.65 g, accounting for 31.46%; vegetable intake 148.61g, accounting for 11.38%. The third trimester of pregnancy group pregnant women cereal intake of 437.13g, accounting for 33.57%; dairy intake of 136.92g, accounting for 10.52%; livestock intake of 92.46g, accounting for 7.10%; fruit intake 426.52g, accounting for 32.76 %; Vegetable intake 145.82g, accounting for 11.20%. The levels of hemoglobin in pregnant women in the first trimester, middle trimester and third trimester were statistically different (F = 5.97, P = 0.003). The levels of hemoglobin in early pregnancy and second trimester were all higher than those in third trimester (LSD-t = 4.12, P = 0.017; LSD-t = 3.55, P = 0.032). Conclusion Vitamin A, C, B1 and B2 are the vitamins easily lacking in pregnant women. It is recommended that early publicity work should be carried out among pregnant women to strengthen nutrition guidance for pregnant women and pay attention to supplementing pregnant women vulnerable to lack of vitamins.