在食管癌胃癌高发区对１２３０人进行的５年前瞻性研究表明，吸烟是发病的危险因素之一（ＯＲ＝３．４１），而豆品消费则是一种保护性因素（ＯＲ＝０．２３）。用原子吸收技术对发病前的头发元素分析显示，病例组发Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｆｅ和Ｚｎ水平较未患癌的正常对照者低；吸烟组的发Ｃａ、Ｍｇ和Ｃｕ水平较不吸烟者低；而豆品多消费组的发Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｆｅ和Ｃｕ水平则较少消费者高，均有统计学差异。 A five-year prospective study of 1,230 people in high-risk areas of esophageal and gastric cancer showed that smoking is one of the risk factors for the onset (OR=3.41), and soybean consumption is a protective factor (OR=0. 23). Analysis of hair elements before the onset with atomic absorption techniques revealed that the levels of Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn in the case group were lower than those in normal controls without cancer; the levels of Ca, Mg, and Cu in the smoking group were lower than those in non-smokers; However, the levels of Ca, Mg, Fe and Cu in the bean product multi-consumption groups were lower than those of consumers, and there were statistical differences.