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肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae,SP)普遍定植于呼吸道,是人类重要的侵袭性病原菌之一,是社区获得性肺炎、中耳炎、脑膜炎、菌血症、鼻窦炎的主要病原菌。肺炎链球菌粘附和毒力因子A(pneumococcal adherence and virulence factor A,PavA)是肺炎链球菌早期感染和侵袭过程中关键的毒力因子。体外试验表明,缺失PavA的肺炎链球菌的突变株其粘附和侵入上皮细胞和内皮细胞的能力明显下降。作为一种保护性抗原,其诱导的细胞和体液免疫可以有效的抵抗肺炎链球菌的感染,是肺炎链球菌新一代疫苗的候选蛋白。但是,PavA在肺炎链球菌与人肺上皮细胞交互对话中作用机制的研究尚属空白,本文就肺炎链球菌粘附和毒力因子A得最新研究进展作一综述。
Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) is widely colonized in the respiratory tract and is one of the most important human invasive pathogens. It is the main pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis, bacteremia and sinusitis. Pneumococcal adherence and virulence factor A (PavA) is a key virulence factor in the early infection and invasion of S. pneumoniae. In vitro tests showed that mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae lacking PavA significantly decreased their ability to adhere and invade epithelial cells and endothelial cells. As a protective antigen, its induced cellular and humoral immunity can effectively resist the infection of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is a candidate protein of a new generation of pneumococcal vaccine. However, the mechanism of action of PavA in the interactive dialogue between Streptococcus pneumoniae and human lung epithelial cells is still blank. This article reviews the latest research progress of Streptococcus pneumoniae adhesion and virulence factors.