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例1:女性,27岁,因间歇性多尿、多饮、多食伴渐进性消瘦7年,多尿、烦渴2天后昏迷,于1960年8月19日入院。患者于1954年出现“三多”伴会阴部搔痒,未予注意,一年后空腹血糖220mg/dl,尿糖(++++)、尿酮体(-)、诊断为糖尿病。经控制饮食及应用胰岛素后症状缓解、血糖控制在130～160mg/dl,未继续系统治疗。2天前因多尿、烦渴加重,旋即昏迷入院。体检:神志不清,脱水貌,呼吸深,有酮味,扁桃体肿大充血,两肺无殊,心率110次/分、律齐、心尖区未闻病理性杂音。腹软、肝脾未及,下肢无凹陷性水肿,神经系统未引出病理性反射。实验室检查:尿糖(++++)、尿酮体强阳性、血红蛋白10.4g、白细胞20,800、中性83%、淋巴17%,血糖264mg/dl,血K~+
Example 1: Female, 27 years old, due to intermittent polyuria, drink more food with progressive progressive weight loss 7 years, polyuria, polydipsia 2 days after the coma, on August 19, 1960 admission. Patients in 1954, “more than three” with perineal itching, did not pay attention, a year after fasting blood glucose 220mg / dl, urine sugar (+ +), urine ketone body (-), diagnosed with diabetes. After the control diet and the application of insulin symptoms, glycemic control at 130 ~ 160mg / dl, did not continue the systematic treatment. 2 days ago due to polyuria, polydipsia increased, immediately unconsciously admitted to hospital. Physical examination: unconsciousness, dehydration appearance, deep breathing, ketone smell, tonsil hyperemia, two lungs without special heart rate 110 beats / min, law Qi, apex no pathological murmur. Abdominal softness, liver and spleen not yet, no depression of the lower limb edema, the nervous system does not elicit pathological reflex. Laboratory tests: urine sugar (++++), strong positive urine ketone body, hemoglobin 10.4g, leukocytes 20,800, neutral 83%, lymph 17%, blood glucose 264mg / dl, blood K ~