文学作品都有特定的社会背景,属于特定的文化。因此翻译文学作品不仅要处理好文字层面的转换,而且要注意文化因素。对文化因素的不同处理方法导致了归化和异化的争论。本文以《儒林外史》为例,从文化的各个方面分析了归化与异化的优势。从而得出结论:翻译作品要归化与异化相结合。 Literary works have a specific social background, belonging to a particular culture. Therefore, the translation of literary works not only to deal with the level of text conversion, but also pay attention to cultural factors. Different approaches to cultural factors led to the debate about domestication and alienation. Taking “The Scholars” as an example, this paper analyzes the advantages of naturalization and alienation in all aspects of culture. It concludes that translation works should be naturalized and alienated.