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目的了解2004-2008年贵州省独山县住院死亡病例的死因模式。方法对独山县人民医院2004-2008年296例死亡病例进行根本死因统计分析。结果住院死亡病例占同期出院病例(39465例)的0.75%;男性死亡193例,女性103例,男女性别比为1.87:1;5岁以下69例(23.31%),其中新生儿34例(占5岁以下的49.28%);5～19岁25例(8.45%);20～49岁96例(32.43%);50～69岁59例(19.93%);70岁以上47例(15.88%)。根本病因以伤害而死亡的人数位居各系统疾病死亡之首,其次是神经系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、起源于围生期某些情况、循环系统疾病等。结论伤害对人类健康影响日益突出,心脑血管疾病死亡逐年增多,呼吸系统疾病、起源于围生期某些情况不可忽视,针对住院死亡主要成因,积极开展伤害防范、慢性病“三级”预防、加强妇幼保健工作和提高新生儿疾病诊治水平,是当地当前卫生工作的主要任务。
Objective To understand the pattern of death from inpatient deaths in Dushan County, Guizhou Province during 2004-2008. Methods A total of 296 deaths from 2004 to 2008 in Dushan County People’s Hospital were analyzed statistically. Results The hospitalized deaths accounted for 0.75% of the 39,465 hospitalized cases in the same period. There were 193 males and 103 females with a sex ratio of 1.87: 1, 69 (23.31%) under 5 years of age, including 34 newborns 49.28% under the age of 5); 25 (8.45%) at the age of 5 to 19 years; 96 (32.43%) at the age of 49 to 49 years (59.9%); . The number of deaths caused by injuries was the highest among all system diseases, followed by neurological diseases, respiratory diseases, some cases of perinatal origin, and circulatory diseases. Conclusions Injuries have an increasingly prominent impact on human health. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have been increasing year by year. Respiratory diseases, which originate in the perinatal period, can not be ignored. In view of the main causes of death in hospital, we are actively engaged in injury prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Prevention, strengthening maternal and child health care and improving the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal diseases are the major tasks of the current local health work.