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目的:了解来自非洲疫区和非疫区恶性疟疾患者发病特点。方法:选择来自非疫区的恶性疟疾45例为观察组,来自疫区的恶性疟疾53例为对照组,均采用口服复方双氢青蒿素片治疗,重症患者加用青蒿琥酯肌注;比较两组的临床表现。结果:观察组发热、头痛、呕吐、肝功能损害、合并呼吸系统感染的发生率均显著或非常显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01);观察组脾大的发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。经治疗后,观察组的平均体温复常时间为4.2天,显著长于对照组的1.5天(P<0.05)。结论:与非洲疟疾高发区常住人口中疟疾患者比较,来自非疫区的患者临床症状更多、更重,病程延续时间更长。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the onset characteristics of patients with falciparum malaria from endemic and non-endemic areas in Africa. Methods: Forty-five cases of falciparum malaria from the non-endemic area were selected as the observation group. Fifty-three cases of malignant malaria from the epidemic area were selected as the control group. All patients were treated with oral compound dihydroartemisinin tablets. The clinical manifestations of the two groups were compared. Results: The incidence of fever, headache, vomiting, liver dysfunction and respiratory infection in the observation group were significantly or very significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05, P <0.01). The incidence of splenomegaly in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group Control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the observation group average body temperature anomalous time was 4.2 days, significantly longer than the control group for 1.5 days (P <0.05). Conclusions: Compared with malaria patients in the permanent population in areas with high incidence of malaria in Africa, patients from pest free areas have more and more severe clinical symptoms and longer duration of disease.