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采用具有定流量放水组合小区模拟降雨试验方法,对黄土坡面细沟侵蚀过程进行模拟试验。结果表明:不同坡度和不同降雨强度下,细沟侵蚀率都呈现随径流变化过程的递增而增大的趋势,并且幂函数方程可以较好地模拟出其变化过程,同时在径流变化过程中,不同坡度下细沟侵蚀率随径流过程变化的递增速率总体上大于不同降雨强度下的递增速率;细沟侵蚀模数随坡度及降雨强度的增大皆增大,可分别用对数方程及指数方程很好地描述,坡度及降雨强度对细沟侵蚀模数的综合作用可用二元幂函数方程很好地描述;试验条件下,水流切应力是细沟侵蚀过程发生发展的动力根源。
A simulating rainfall experiment was carried out on a plot with a combination of constant flow and discharge to simulate the erosion process of the rill on the loess slope. The results show that the erosion rate of rill tends to increase with the increase of runoff at different slopes and different rainfall intensities, and the power function equation can simulate its changing process well. In the process of runoff change, The increment rate of rill erosion rate with different slope gradients is larger than that under different rainfall intensities. The erosion modulus of rill increases with slope gradient and rainfall intensity, and can be expressed by logarithm equation and index The equations are well described. The combined effect of slope and rainfall intensity on the erosion modulus of the rill can be well described by the binary power function equation. Under the experimental conditions, the shear stress of the flow is the root of the rocket erosion process.