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为了科学定量评价北京市土壤侵蚀状况,通过北京市地面水土流失监测网络,开展水土流失定点观测,研究北京市土壤侵蚀监测的评价方法。结果表明:利用大量实测资料,基于美国通用土壤流失方程建立的北京土壤流失方程,可以作为北京市土壤侵蚀调查的模型工具;基于G IS和降雨侵蚀力模型的年度土壤侵蚀量推算方法,可作为从小区尺度转换到区域尺度的一种方法;由于网格法没有考虑水土保持措施因子,调查得到的土壤侵蚀量结果比采用抽样调查法得到的结果偏大。北京市土壤侵蚀监测方法的研究可为区域水土流失定量评价和动态监测提供借鉴作用。
In order to quantitatively evaluate the state of soil erosion in Beijing, this paper conducts the fixed-point observation of soil and water loss through the Beijing Network of Soil Erosion Monitoring Network to study the evaluation method of soil erosion monitoring in Beijing. The results show that the Beijing soil loss equation based on the generalized soil loss equation of the United States can be used as a model tool for soil erosion survey in Beijing based on a large amount of measured data. Based on the G IS and rainfall erosivity model, the annual soil erosion estimation method can be used as A method of transition from residential scale to regional scale. Because the grid method did not consider the factors of soil and water conservation measures, the soil erosion amount obtained by the survey was larger than the result obtained by the sampling survey. The research on soil erosion monitoring in Beijing can provide reference for the quantitative assessment and dynamic monitoring of regional soil erosion.