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目的：研究分析术前认知行为干预与术后分散注意力法提高微创经皮肾取石术（MPCNL）老年患者导尿管耐受性的作用。方法：回顾性分析我院于2014年2月～2015年2月收治的100例 MPCNL 老年患者的病历资料，随机的分为对照组和观察组。对照组中的50例患者应用基础治疗护理，观察组中的50例 MPCNL 患者应用术前认知行为干预和术后分散注意力方法，对比分析两组患者术后1d 和术后3d 尿道管留置的舒适度，并比较分析两组患者术后全麻苏醒期的躁动分值。结果：8例患者躁动分值为0级，40例患者躁动分值为1级，2例患者躁动分值为2级。观察组患者中，4例患者躁动分值为0级，14例患者躁动分值为1级，20例患者躁动分值为2级，12例患者躁动分值为3级。观察组中的 MPCNL 患者导尿管留置的舒适度和对照组比较，明显较高， P ＜0.05，有统计学意义。两组 MPCNL 老年患者的全麻苏醒期躁动分值进行对比和分析，观察组较低， P ＜0.05，有统计学意义。结论： MPCNL 老年患者实施术前认知行为干预和术后分散注意力法，不仅仅可以将老年患者导尿管的耐受性提高，同时也能将患者应激水平降低，从根本上提高患者的舒适度，值得临床推广和应用。“,”OBJECTIVE: To study the preoperative cognitive behavior intervention and postoperative scattered attention improving catheter tolerance in elderly patients with MPCNI.METHODS: 100 patients with MPCNL in our hospital from February 2014 to Feb-ruary 2015 retrospectivly was analysed.The patients were randomly divided into control group (n =50) and observation group (n =50).The results of the two groups with MPCNL before and after 1D and 3D were compared.RESULTS: The scores of 8 patients were 0 grade, 40 patients were 1 grade, 2 patients had 2 grade.In the observation group, 4 patients were 0 grade, 14 patients were 1 grade and 20 patients were 2 grade.The comfort level of MPCNL in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the con-trol group (P <0.05).There was statistically significant difference.In the two groups recovery period restlessness scores of elderly patients with general anesthesia were compared and analyzed.In the observation group they were lower (P <0.05).There was statis-tically significant difference.CONCLUSION: MPCNL elderly patients before the implementation of cognitive behavioral intervention and postoperative dispersion of attention can not only improve the tolerance of elderly patients, but also reduce the level of stress and improve the patient’ s comfort.