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起步于80年代末期的我国乡镇企业股份制改革目前已由试点探索而转入全面推广阶段。除沿海特区、经济特区的少部分企业外,绝大多数的乡镇企业股份制带有合作制的成分。因此目前理论界一般把乡镇企业的股份制称作股份合作制,其实质与主要内涵与股份制经济的定义和基本特点相符。从近几年乡镇企业股份合作制的改革及发展实践看,乡镇企业要走出传统的社区封闭,增强企业风险承受能力,实现生产要素的最优组合,无疑地,股份合作制为其进一步发展提供了极好的机遇。
Starting from the late 1980s, the joint-stock reform of China’s township and village enterprises has now been transformed from a pilot program to a comprehensive promotion phase. Except for a few enterprises in coastal special economic zones and special economic zones, the majority shareholding of township and village enterprises has a composition of cooperation system. Therefore, the theoretical community generally calls the shareholding system of township and village enterprises as the system of joint-stock cooperation. Its substance and main connotation are consistent with the definition and basic characteristics of the joint-stock economy. From the reform and development practice of the joint-stock cooperative system of township and village enterprises in recent years, township and village enterprises need to get out of the traditional closed communities, enhance their risk tolerance and realize the optimal combination of factors of production. Undoubtedly, the joint-stock cooperative system provides for its further development Excellent opportunity.