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目的评价平顶山市碘缺乏病防治知识健康教育效果,为采取针对性防治措施和调整干预策略提供依据。方法 2012年平顶山市选择郏县、汝州市作为项目县,每个项目县选择3个项目乡,每个项目乡所在中心小学4~6年级学生及村民为主要对象开展健康教育活动。在健康教育前后采用相同的调查问卷对项目乡抽取部分五年级学生及20~50岁家庭主妇进行碘缺乏病防治知识调查,问卷内容包括:调查对象的人口学特征,以及人体缺碘的主要危害、预防缺碘方法等知识。结果基线调查和效果评价小学生均为540人、家庭主妇均为270人。健康教育干预后,小学生碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率从56.36%(913/1 620)提高到93.89%(1 521/1 620)(P<0.01),家庭主妇碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率从62.22%(504/810)提高到89.01%(721/810)(P<0.01)。结论实施健康教育干预措施取得明显成效,小学生及家庭主妇碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率显著提高,防病意识增强。
Objective To evaluate the health education effects of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in Pingdingshan City, and to provide evidences for taking targeted prevention and control measures and adjusting intervention strategies. Methods In 2012, Pingdingshan City selected Lixian and Ruzhou as project counties, 3 project townships for each project counties, and 4-6 grade students and villagers from primary schools in the township of each project township for health education activities. Before and after health education using the same questionnaire survey of some fifth-grade students in the project township and 20 to 50-year-old housewife knowledge of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders, the questionnaire includes: the demographic characteristics of the survey subjects, as well as the main hazards of iodine deficiency , Prevention of iodine deficiency methods and other knowledge. Results There were 540 primary school students and 270 housewives in baseline survey and evaluation. After the intervention of health education, the awareness rate of prevention and control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders in primary school students increased from 56.36% (913/1 620) to 93.89% (1 521/1202) (P <0.01) % (504/810) to 89.01% (721/810) (P <0.01). Conclusion The implementation of health education interventions has achieved remarkable results. The awareness rate of prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders among primary school students and housewives has been significantly improved, and awareness of disease prevention has been enhanced.