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人们用体温计测量人体温度,用温度表指示室内气温,井下温度也可由井温仪测定。可是,如何测得距今几百万年,甚至几千万年前的地层所经历过的温度呢?这是地质学家探索的课题。目前已有不少方法可以间接测量地温。近年来,现代模拟实验方法的应用,在室内数日就可重演几亿年前的地质发展史。正是利用模拟方法,地质学家发现地层中的有机质(分散的有机质微粒),动植物的微体化石,煤以及某些矿物,可以反映地温。根据这一原理,科学家设计了可供测量古地温的温度计。利用这些地温计,可以指导我们寻找煤、石油、天然气等地下宝藏。
People use the thermometer to measure the body temperature, with a temperature gauge to indicate the indoor temperature, downhole temperature can also be measured by the well temperature instrument. However, how to measure the temperature experienced by strata millions, even tens of millions of years ago? This is a geologist to explore the issue. There are many ways to measure the ground temperature indirectly. In recent years, the application of modern simulation experiments can reproduce the history of geological development hundreds of millions of years ago in a few days indoors. It is by means of simulation that geologists find that the organic matter (dispersed organic matter particles) in the stratum, the flora and fauna’s micro-fossils, coal, and certain minerals reflect the ground temperature. Based on this principle, scientists have designed thermometers to measure ancient geothermal temperatures. Using these geothermometers can guide us in finding underground treasures such as coal, oil and natural gas.