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于滇北洱海流域田间小区试验研究了大蒜‖蚕豆间作模式的环境效益,分析了不同种植模式的经济效益、作物养分利用状况、土壤养分残留状况、地下水氮磷含量、后茬水稻田土壤养分和田面水氮磷含量的变化。结果显示:大蒜‖蚕豆土地当量比(LER)为1.15,增产效果显著。大蒜‖蚕豆间作模式显著提高大蒜和蚕豆对氮的吸收利用,降低土壤硝态氮残留量,也显著降低地下水的硝态氮和可溶性氮的残留量,并且减少了后茬的土壤中无机氮残留,降低后茬水稻泡田期的氮磷流失风险。研究结果证实大蒜‖蚕豆间作模式是适宜当地种植的经济、环境效益双赢模式。本研究对推广合理的间作种植模式,减少农田氮磷流失等面源污染具有重要参考价值。
The environmental benefits of garlic ‖ broad bean intercropping system were studied in the field of Erhai Lake basin in northern Yunnan. The economic benefits of different planting modes, the utilization of crop nutrients, the residual nutrient status of soil, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in groundwater, Changes of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Surface Water. The results showed that the land equivalent ratio (LER) of garlic ‖ broad bean was 1.15, and the yield increase was significant. Garlic ‖ broad bean intercropping mode significantly increased the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by garlic and broad bean and reduced the residual nitrate nitrogen in soil, but also significantly reduced the residual nitrate and soluble nitrogen in groundwater and reduced the residual inorganic nitrogen in subsequent cropping , Reduce the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus loss after rice cropping period in rice. The results of the research confirmed that the mode of garlic ‖ faba bean intercropping is a win-win mode of economic and environmental benefits suitable for local planting. This study has important reference value for promoting reasonable intercropping patterns and reducing non-point source pollution such as nitrogen and phosphorus loss in farmland.