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目的了解天水市城区青少年代谢综合征流行状况及肥胖与血压、血脂、血糖等心血管疾病危险因素的聚集性。方法天水市城区学校范围内抽取2000名15～18岁在校中学生,对其进行体重、血压、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血糖的测定,对测定数据进行统计学处理。结果 (1)代谢综合征总检出率2.8%(男1.6%,女1.2%),低于欧美及香港地区报道的检出率。(2)体重超重少年高血压、高血糖、高TG、低HDL-C的检出率明显高于体重正常少年(P均<0.05)。(3)体重超重少年高血压、高血糖、高TG、低HDL-C的危险性分别为体重正常少年的2.21倍、2.63倍、2.35倍和2.17倍,体重超重少年合并任意1、2个及以上心血管疾病危险因素的危险性高于体重正常少年。结论 (1)天水市城区青少年代谢综合征发病率低于国内外相关报道,但同步家族史调查显示其发病情况有家族聚集倾向。(2)少年肥胖是心血管疾病危险因素聚集的相关因素,即少年代谢综合征的发生中肥胖为其关键因素。因此,控制青少年肥胖有助于糖尿病及心血管疾病的早期预防,尤其有糖尿病及心血管疾病家族史者更应从青少年时期起即提倡健康的生活方式,以利于糖尿病及心血管疾病的I级预防。
Objective To understand the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the aggregation of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases such as obesity and blood pressure, blood lipids and blood glucose in urban areas of Tianshui City. Methods A total of 2000 middle school students aged 15-18 years were enrolled in the school of Tianshui urban district. The body weight, blood pressure, triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and blood glucose were measured. Statistical analysis. Results (1) The overall detection rate of metabolic syndrome was 2.8% (male 1.6%, female 1.2%), which was lower than the reported rates in Europe, the United States and Hong Kong. (2) The prevalence of hypertension, hyperglycemia, high TG and low HDL-C in overweight teenagers was significantly higher than that in normal weight teenagers (all P <0.05). (3) The risk of overweight juvenile hypertension, hyperglycemia, high TG, low HDL-C were 2.21 times, 2.63 times, 2.35 times and 2.17 times of that of normal weight teenagers, and overweight teenagers combined with any 1,2 and The above risk of cardiovascular disease risk is higher than normal weight-bearing teenagers. Conclusions (1) The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adolescents in urban areas of Tianshui City is lower than that of the related reports both at home and abroad, but the simultaneous family history survey shows that the incidence of familial aggregation tends to be the incidence. (2) Juvenile obesity is a related factor of aggregation of risk factors of cardiovascular disease, that is, obesity is the key factor in the occurrence of juvenile metabolic syndrome. Therefore, controlling juvenile obesity contributes to the early prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, people with a family history of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases should advocate healthy lifestyles from adolescence to help prevent type 1 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases .