脂肪酸结合蛋白3(FABP3)是分布最为广泛的脂肪酸结合蛋白。编码该蛋白的基因定位于染色体1p33-p32,由4个外显子和3个内含子组成;三级蛋白结构高度保守,形成折叠β桶(barrel)状。FABP3参与长链脂肪酸的摄取、转运及代谢调节,信号传递、基因转录以及细胞生长和增殖。已有研究表明,它作为重要的生物学标记,应用于临床多种疾病的诊断与评估,而编码该蛋白的基因多态性,与糖尿病和肿瘤等的发病关系密切。 Fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) is the most widely distributed fatty acid binding protein. The gene encoding this protein is located on chromosome 1p33-p32, which consists of 4 exons and 3 introns. The tertiary protein has a highly conserved structure and forms a folded β barrel. FABP3 is involved in the uptake, transport and metabolism of long chain fatty acids, signaling, gene transcription, and cell growth and proliferation. Studies have shown that it is an important biomarker used in the diagnosis and evaluation of a variety of clinical diseases, and the genetic polymorphisms that encode this protein are closely related to the pathogenesis of diabetes and cancer.