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光电探测器也叫光电式传感器,它是一种能量转换器件。它把入射的电磁辐射能量(或光能)转换成电能,通过对电能的精密测量,了解该入射辐射能量的大小和性质,从中达到探测辐射(或光)能量存在的目的。在自然界有许多种物质,当辐射照射后它们本身的电学性质会发生变化。实践表明,这种变化的数量和入射辐射的强度,两者具有严格的对应关系。现在电学和电子学的测量并不是一件困难的事情,准确测量电流、电压很容易。因此,有了这种物质就可以通过对电学量的简单测量,把辐射能量的存在探测出来,进而还可准确测定它们的数量。具有这种性质的材料称为光敏材料,光电探测器就是使用各种光敏材料制成的。(参见图3-1)。
Photoelectric detector also called photoelectric sensor, it is a kind of energy conversion device. It converts the incident electromagnetic radiation energy (or light energy) into electrical energy, and through the precise measurement of electrical energy, it can understand the size and nature of the incident radiation energy and achieve the purpose of detecting the existence of radiation (or light) energy. There are many substances in nature that change their electrical properties when irradiated by radiation. Practice shows that the number of such changes and the intensity of incident radiation, the two have a strict correspondence. Now the measurement of electrical and electronics is not a difficult task, accurate measurement of current, voltage is very easy. Therefore, with this material, the presence of radiant energy can be detected simply by measuring the amount of electricity, and the quantity of these can be accurately measured. Materials of this nature are called photoactive materials and photodetectors are made of a variety of photosensitive materials. (See Figure 3-1).