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采用磁力电弧振动器和鱼骨裂缝试验,研究了振动电弧对5052合金钨极氩弧焊焊缝的晶粒组织和结晶裂缝的影响。发现了两种减小裂缝的机理:一是电弧在低频范围内振功,二是在高频范围内振动。前者由于交错的柱状晶粒的取向,而后者是由于晶粒的细化。电弧在中频范围内振动,则两种作用皆无,因而产生结晶裂缝,尤其是振幅不大的时候,结晶裂缝更加严重。在电弧作横向振动和作圆周振动的焊缝中都能获得交错的晶粒取向,但在电弧作纵向振动的焊缝中则没有。另一方面,所有的三种电弧振动形式都能达到细化焊缝晶粒的目的。
The effects of vibrating arc on the grain structure and crystal fracture of 5052 TIG welds were studied by using magnetic arc vibrator and fish bone crack test. Two mechanisms were found to reduce fractures: one is vibrating in the low frequency range and the other is vibrating in the high frequency range. The former due to the staggered columnar grain orientation, which is due to the grain refinement. When the arc vibrates in the mid-frequency range, the two effects are absent, resulting in crystal cracks, especially when the amplitude is small, and the crystal cracks become more serious. Interlaced grain orientation is obtained in arcs that make lateral and circumferential vibrations, but not in arcs that make longitudinal vibrations. On the other hand, all three forms of arc vibration achieve the purpose of refining the weld grains.