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本文简要分析了隐伏岩溶区地面塌陷的一般机理,认为岩性构造与地下水的活动是产生隐伏岩溶地面塌陷的三要素。通常由于岩溶区盖层中地下水位的急剧变化,水力坡度增大,产生潜蚀、真空吸蚀、掏空、形成土洞进而发展到地面变形塌陷。文章中还以两个工厂为例,总结了地基与基础设计中,采用钢筋混凝土杯基、跨梁板、水玻璃灌浆、钻孔灌注桩或挖孔灌注桩等方案,都是加固地基防止岩溶土洞对建筑物的不良影响与危害的有效办法。
This paper briefly analyzes the general mechanism of ground subsidence in the hidden karst area, and considers that the lithologic structure and groundwater activity are the three key factors that cause hidden karst ground subsidence. Generally due to the drastic changes in groundwater level in the cap rock layer of the karst area, the hydraulic gradient increases, resulting in subsurface erosion, vacuum erosion, hollowing out, formation of a hole in soil, and development of ground deformation and collapse. In the article, taking the two factories as examples, the plans for the use of reinforced concrete foundations, bridge boards, water glass grouting, bored cast-in-place piles, or bored cast-in-place piles in the foundation and foundation design are summarized. The effective way of the earth hole’s bad influence and harm to the building.