巨大黑素细胞痣,几乎都是先天性的,已明确具有恶性潜能,而小于1.5cm 的先天性痣,其恶性潜能目前尚有争论。这类黑素细胞痣产生恶性黑素瘤的危险性一直被认为比后天性黑素细胞痣(AMN)要高。为了检测先天性黑素细胞痣(CMN)中经常提到的某些组织学特征的特异性,作者对没有先天性痣的312名新生婴儿,在出生后2.5年寄给调查表进行询问。有256人给了答复,其中115人见到了“黑痣”(占45%)。作者检查了其中的66人,50人发现有1至数个 AMN,余者为其他皮肤病。最早出现 AMN 的平均年龄约为5个月。对15人取最大的黑素痣作活组织检查,其中7例发现有1个或多个 CMN 的组织学特征:痣细胞分散在下2/3真皮网状层的胶原纤维束之间的占5例;在深部真皮网状层的毛囊内占2例;在深部真皮网状层的小汗腺导管中占4例;在深部真皮网状层的血管壁中占1例;在周围神经和皮脂腺内未发现痣细胞。临床上具有先天性特征的 AMN 通常比无先天性特征者略大,颜色的变化也更为常 The giant melanocytes, which are almost all congenital, have been shown to have malignant potential, and congenital hemorrhoids less than 1.5 cm in size are currently controversial about their malignant potential. The risk of melanocyte nevus production of malignant melanoma has been considered to be higher than that of acquired melanocyte nevus (AMN). To test the specificity of some of the histological features often mentioned in congenital melanocyte moles (CMN), the author sent 312 newborn babies without congenital warts to the questionnaire 2.5 years after birth for questioning. There were 256 people who gave the answer, of which 115 people saw the “black box” (45%). The author examined 66 of them, 50 found 1 to several AMNs and the rest were other skin diseases. The earliest appearance of AMN was about 5 months on average. The largest biopsy of melanin pigmentation was performed on 15 individuals, 7 of which had histological features of 1 or more CMNs: 5 of the sputum cells were scattered between the collagen fibers bundles in the lower 2/3 dermis reticular layer. Example: 2 cases in the deep dermis-like reticular follicle; 4 cases in the deep dermis reticular layer eccrine duct; 1 case in deep reticular vascular wall; in the peripheral nerve and sebaceous glands No tick cells were found. Clinically congenital AMNs are usually slightly larger than those without congenital features, and color changes are more frequent