背景:虽然在国外已经研究过骨性Ⅱ类和正常牙合患者颈椎异常发病率,但在国内尚缺乏颈椎异常在不同错牙合畸形患者中发病情况的研究。目的:通过分析不同错牙合畸形患者的头颅侧位片,观察颈椎异常患者影像学表现,统计颈椎异常在不同错牙合畸形中的发生率。方法:骨性Ⅱ类错牙合畸形患者93例,男41例(年龄18-40岁),女52例(年龄22-35岁),上齿槽座点-鼻根点-下齿槽座点角(ANB)>5°。骨性Ⅰ类错牙合畸形患者45例,男14例(年龄17-38岁),女31例(年龄20-36岁),1°<上齿槽座点-鼻根点-下齿槽座点角(ANB)<4°。拍摄患者的自然头颅侧位片,分析和统计颈椎异常各亚类在两组中的发生情况。颈椎异常各亚类发生率与头颅侧位片各个测量值进行Logistic回归分析。结果与结论:①颈椎异常的表现类型分为后弓发育缺陷和融合两大类,后弓发育缺陷分为椎弓裂、发育不足两个亚类,融合又可分为寰枕融合和椎体融合两个亚类。骨性Ⅱ类组中颈椎融合占49%,后弓发育缺陷占4%。骨性Ⅰ类组中,颈椎融合占15%,后弓发育缺陷占6%,颈椎融合在两组中差异有显著性意义。②颈椎融合的发生与上齿槽座点-鼻根点-下齿槽座点角(ANB),上齿槽座点-鼻根点-颏前点角(ANPg)有相关性,而后弓发育缺陷与各个测量值均无相关性。说明颈椎融合有可能与头颅面部矢状向发育方式有关而后弓发育缺陷不受头颅面发育影响。 BACKGROUND: Although abnormal cervical spondylosis has been studied in patients with skeletal Class II and normal occlusion abroad, there is still a lack of research on the incidence of cervical abnormalities in different malocclusion patients in China. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the imaging manifestations of patients with abnormal cervical spondylosis by analyzing the cephalometric slices of patients with different malocclusion and calculate the incidence of cervical abnormalities in different malocclusions. Methods: 93 cases of skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion were 41 males (aged 18-40 years) and 52 females (aged 22-35 years). The upper alveolar base-nasal root-lower alveolus Point angle (ANB)> 5 °. Forty-five patients with skeletal Class I malocclusion, 14 males (aged 17-38 years) and 31 females (aged 20-36 years), with 1 °