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一、概况美、苏为了实现争霸全球的野心,在大力发展战略武器的同时,加紧研制导弹、卫星、飞船用的空间计算机。据报道,美国国防部于1968年购买了1442台军用计算机,使总数达到14,123台。其中大部分是舰载、车载或空间应用的小型计算机。美国国防部预计,在1970—75年期间将需要10,000—20,000台空用计算机。1970年美国计算机年产量为18,000台,估计1975年将达到46,000台。同期小型计算机年产量将从13,000台增至37,000台。截至1972年末,美国计算机总数达十万台。
I. Overview The United States and the Soviet Union, in order to realize the ambition of hegemony worldwide, have stepped up the development of space computers for missiles, satellites and spacecraft while vigorously developing strategic weapons. According to reports, the U.S. Department of Defense purchased 1,442 military computers in 1968, bringing the total to 14,123 units. Most of these are small computers used in shipborne, vehicular or space applications. The U.S. Department of Defense predicts that 10,000 to 20,000 empty computers will be required during the period 1970-75. In 1970, the annual output of computers in the United States was 18,000 units, with an estimated 46,000 units in 1975. In the same period, the annual output of small computers will increase from 13,000 to 37,000 units. As of the end of 1972, the total number of U.S. computers reached 100,000.