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比较,是把多种事物或现象进行对比,以便确定客观事物或客观现象相同、相似或相异的一种思维方法。它是小学数学教学中常用的一种方法。 通过比较,可使学生更好地把握知识的本质,分清事物的异同,揭示知识间的联系与区别,使其达到对知识的本质和规律性的理性认识,以便把所学知识应用于实际生活中去。 一、提供材料,通过比较,形成概念 小学生理解数学知识,是以感性认识为基础的。因此,在新知引入时,引导学生观察具体材料,运用比较的方法,使各种材料的共同点聚集拢来,使不相干的特点被排除而舍弃,为思维的抽象作准备。教师提供的一组具体材料,应体现知识的本质属性恒在,而非本质属性多变的情景,以便学生在观察比较的过程中,形成正确的概念。
A comparison is the comparison of multiple things or phenomena to determine the same, similar, or different ways of thinking about objective or objective phenomena. It is a commonly used method in elementary mathematics teaching. Through comparison, students can better grasp the essence of knowledge, distinguish between similarities and differences of things, and reveal the connection and difference between knowledge, so that it reaches the nature and regularity of knowledge, rational understanding in order to apply what they have learned in real life Go in. First, to provide materials, through the formation of the concept of primary school students to understand mathematical knowledge, based on perceptual knowledge. Therefore, when new knowledge is introduced, students are guided to observe specific materials and use comparative methods to bring together the common ground of various materials so that irrelevant features are excluded and discarded, so as to prepare for the abstraction of thinking. A set of concrete materials provided by teachers should reflect the essential attributes of knowledge constant, rather than changing the nature of the attributes of the scene, so that students in the process of observation and comparison, the formation of the correct concept.