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《分成两半的子爵》是意大利当代著名作家伊塔洛·卡尔维诺于20世纪50年代创作的《我们的祖先》三部曲中的第一部。故事讲述了17世纪的贵族梅达多子爵在奥土战争中被土耳其的炮弹劈成两半：极恶的一半和极善的一半。右半边子爵无恶不作，左半边子爵善良如神。两边都爱上了牧羊姑娘帕米拉，帕米拉答应两边都嫁，于是右半边子爵和左半边子爵决定以决斗的方式解决争端。在决斗中两半合二为一，又变成一个善恶浑然一体但却毫无性格的完整的人。
无论是极善还是极恶的半边，他们都认为自己残缺的时候才能更加深刻地理解这个世界，体会人类的痛苦，而完整的人却迂腐、麻木、乏味。但村民们既恨无恶不作的右半边子爵，也很难忍受善良如圣徒的左半边子爵，反而还是习惯两半合起来的善恶混合的子爵。
Now news of Medardo’s double nature began coming from various sources. Children lost in the woods were approached to their terror by the half-man with a crutch（拐杖）who led them home by the hand and gave them figs（无花果）and flowers and sweets； poor widows were helped across brooks（小河，小溪）by him； dogs bitten were tended（照料）， mysterious gifts were found on thresholds（门槛）and window-sills（窗台）of the poor， fruit trees torn up by the wind were straightened and put back into their sockets（树坑）before their owners had put a nose outside the door.
At the same time， though， appearances of the Viscount half wrapped in his black cloak（斗篷）were also a signal for dire（可怕的，悲惨的）events. Children were kidnapped and later found imprisoned in caves blocked by stones； branches broke off and rocks rolled on to old women； newly ripe pumpkins were slashed to pieces from wanton（荒唐的，放肆的）malice（恶意）.
For some time the Viscount’s crossbow（弩）had been used only against swallows（燕子）， and in such a way as not to kill but only wound and stun（打昏）them. But now were seen in the sky swallows with legs bandaged and tied to splints（石膏夹板）， or with wings stuck together or waxed（打过蜡的）； a whole swarm of swallows so treated were prudently（谨慎地）flying about together， like convalescents（康复中的病人）from a bird hospital； and there was an incredible rumor that Medardo was their doctor.
Once a storm caught Pamela in a wild and distant spot， together with her goat and duck. She knew that nearby was a cave， very small， a kind of hollow（洞）in the rock， and towards that she went. Sticking out of it she saw a tattered（破烂的）and patched（打补丁的）boot. Inside was huddling（缩成一团） the half-body wrapped in its black cloak. She was just going to run away， but the Viscount had already seen her， came out under the pouring rain and said to her： ‘Come， girl， take refuge（躲避）here.’
‘No， I’m not taking any refuge there，’ said Pamela， ‘as there’s scarcely（几乎没有）any room for one， and you want to squeeze up to me.’
‘Don’t be alarmed，’ said the Viscount， ‘I will stay outside and you take ease in there， with your goat and your duck too.’
‘The goat and duck can get wet.’ ‘They’ll take refuge too， you’ll see.’
Pamela， who had heard tell of strange impulses（冲动）of goodness by the Viscount， said to herself， ‘We’ll just see，’ and crouched down（蹲伏） inside the cave， tight against her goat and duck. The Viscount stood up in front and held his cloak there like a tent so that neither goat nor duck got wet either. Pamela looked at the hand holding the cloak， remained for a moment deep in thought， began looking at her own hands， compared them with each other， then burst into a roar of laughter.
‘I’m glad to see you so jolly（快乐的）， girl，’ said the Viscount. ‘But why are you laughing， if I may ask？’
‘I’m laughing because I’ve understood what is driving all my fellow villagers quite mad.’
‘What is that？’
‘That you are in part good and in part bad. Now it’s all obvious.’
‘Why’s that？’
‘Because I’ve realized that you are the other half. The Viscount living in the castle， the bad one， is one half. And you’re the other， who was thought lost in the war but has now returned and it’s a good half.’
‘That’s nice of you. Thank you.’
‘Oh， it’s the truth， not a compliment.’
After having told Pamela his story， the good half of the Viscount asked the shepherd girl（牧羊女）to tell him hers. Pamela explained how the bad Medardo was laying siege to（努力追求）her and how she had fled from home and was now wandering in the woods. At Pamela’s account（阐述，解释）the good Medardo was moved， his pity divided between the goat girl’s persecuted virtue（受迫害的美德）， the bad Medardo’s hopeless desolation（孤寂）， and the solitude（孤独，寂寞）of Pamela’s parents.
‘As for them，’ said Pamela， ‘my parents are just a pair of old rogues（流氓，无赖）. There’s no point in your pitying them.’
‘Oh， but just think of them， Pamela， how sad they’ll be in their old home at this hour， without anyone to look after them and work the fields and do out the stall（帮忙照料牲畜）.’
‘It can fall on their heads， can the stall， for all I care！’ said Pamela. ‘I’m beginning to realize that you’re a bit too soft， and instead of attacking that other half of yours for all the swinish（卑鄙的）things he does， you seem almost to pity him as well.’
‘Of course I do！ I know what it means to be half a man， and of course I pity him.’
‘But you’re different； you’re a bit daft（癫狂的，愚笨的）too， but good.”
Then the good Medardo said， ‘Oh， Pamela， that’s the good thing about being halved； that one understands the sorrow of every person and thing in the world at its own incompleteness. I was whole and I did not understand， and moved about deaf and unfeeling amid the pain and sorrow all round us， in places where as a whole person one would least think to find it. It’s not only me， Pamela， who am a split being（分裂的人）， but you and everyone else too. Now I have a fellowship（交情）which I did not understand， did not know before， when whole； a fellowship with all the mutilated（残缺不全的）and incomplete things in the world. If you come with me， Pamela， you’ll learn to suffer with everyone’s ills， and tend your own by tending theirs.’ ‘That sounds all very fine，’ said Pamela， ‘but I’m in a great pickle（处于困境）with that other part of you being in love with me and my not knowing what he wants to do with me.’
My uncle let fall his cloak， as the storm was over.
‘I’m in love with you too， Pamela.’
Pamela jumped out of the cave， ‘What fun！ There’s the sign of the whale in the sky1 and I’ve a new lover！ This one’s halved too， but has a good heart.’
They were walking under branches still dripping， through paths all mud. The Viscount’s half mouth was curved in a sweet， incomplete smile.
‘Well， what shall we do？’ said Pamela.
‘I’d say you ought to go back to your parents， poor things， and help them a bit in their work.’
‘You go if you want to，’ said Pamela.
‘I do indeed want to， my dear，’ exclaimed（呼喊）the Viscount.
‘I’ll stay here，’ said Pamela， and stopped with her duck and goat.
‘Doing good together is the only way to love.’
‘A pity. I thought there were other ways.’
‘Goodbye， my dear. I’ll bring you some honey cake.’
And he hopped off（离开）on his stick along the path.
‘What d’you say， goatee？ What d’you say， duckling dear？’ exclaimed Pamela when alone with her pets. ‘Why must all these oddities（稀奇古怪的事情）come to me？’
Ambling（漫行）through the thickets（灌木丛）on his gaunt（枯瘦的）horse， the Bad ‘Un（即one）thought over his stratagem（计谋）； if Pamela married the Good ‘Un then by law she would be wife to Medardo of Terralba， his wife， that is. By this right the Bad ‘Un would easily be able to take her from his rival， so meek（温顺的）and unaggressive（没有攻击性的）.
Then he met Pamela， who said to him， ‘Viscount， I have decided that we’ll marry if you are willing.’
‘You and who？’ exclaimed the Viscount.
‘Me and you， and I’ll come to the castle and be the Viscountess.’
The Bad ‘Un had not expected this at all， and thought， ‘Then it’s useless to arrange all the play-acting（表演）of getting her married to my other half； I’ll marry her myself and that’ll be that.’
So he said， ‘Right.’
Pamela said， ‘Arrange things with my father.’
A little later Pamela met the Good ‘Un on his mule（骡子）.
‘Medardo，’ she said， ‘I realize now that I’m really in love with you and if you wish to make me happy you must ask for my hand in marriage.’
The poor man， who had made that great renunciation（放弃）for love of her， sat open-mouthed. ‘If she’s happy to marry me， I can’t get her to marry the other one any more，’ he thought， and said， ‘My dear， I’ll hurry to see about the ceremony.’
‘Arrange things with my mother， do，’ she said.
1. The sign of whale in the sky： 指古希腊神话中的鲸鱼座（Cetus）。埃塞俄比亚国王的女儿安德洛美达因母亲炫耀其美貌而触怒海神，被绑在海边的礁石上祭海兽刻托（Ceto）。勇士珀耳修斯（Perseus）用美杜沙的脑袋把刻托变为石头并救出少女。后来宙斯把珀耳修斯升为天空中的英仙座，安德洛美达为仙女座，而海兽刻托则变成了鲸鱼座。书中当帕米拉听说左半边子爵也爱上了她时，感觉自己就像那个祭海兽的少女：正当她陷入邪恶的右半边子爵的魔爪时，善良的左半边子爵来救她了，就像珀耳修斯救出了安德洛美达。
无论是极善还是极恶的半边，他们都认为自己残缺的时候才能更加深刻地理解这个世界，体会人类的痛苦，而完整的人却迂腐、麻木、乏味。但村民们既恨无恶不作的右半边子爵，也很难忍受善良如圣徒的左半边子爵，反而还是习惯两半合起来的善恶混合的子爵。
Now news of Medardo’s double nature began coming from various sources. Children lost in the woods were approached to their terror by the half-man with a crutch（拐杖）who led them home by the hand and gave them figs（无花果）and flowers and sweets； poor widows were helped across brooks（小河，小溪）by him； dogs bitten were tended（照料）， mysterious gifts were found on thresholds（门槛）and window-sills（窗台）of the poor， fruit trees torn up by the wind were straightened and put back into their sockets（树坑）before their owners had put a nose outside the door.
At the same time， though， appearances of the Viscount half wrapped in his black cloak（斗篷）were also a signal for dire（可怕的，悲惨的）events. Children were kidnapped and later found imprisoned in caves blocked by stones； branches broke off and rocks rolled on to old women； newly ripe pumpkins were slashed to pieces from wanton（荒唐的，放肆的）malice（恶意）.
For some time the Viscount’s crossbow（弩）had been used only against swallows（燕子）， and in such a way as not to kill but only wound and stun（打昏）them. But now were seen in the sky swallows with legs bandaged and tied to splints（石膏夹板）， or with wings stuck together or waxed（打过蜡的）； a whole swarm of swallows so treated were prudently（谨慎地）flying about together， like convalescents（康复中的病人）from a bird hospital； and there was an incredible rumor that Medardo was their doctor.
Once a storm caught Pamela in a wild and distant spot， together with her goat and duck. She knew that nearby was a cave， very small， a kind of hollow（洞）in the rock， and towards that she went. Sticking out of it she saw a tattered（破烂的）and patched（打补丁的）boot. Inside was huddling（缩成一团） the half-body wrapped in its black cloak. She was just going to run away， but the Viscount had already seen her， came out under the pouring rain and said to her： ‘Come， girl， take refuge（躲避）here.’
‘No， I’m not taking any refuge there，’ said Pamela， ‘as there’s scarcely（几乎没有）any room for one， and you want to squeeze up to me.’
‘Don’t be alarmed，’ said the Viscount， ‘I will stay outside and you take ease in there， with your goat and your duck too.’
‘The goat and duck can get wet.’ ‘They’ll take refuge too， you’ll see.’
Pamela， who had heard tell of strange impulses（冲动）of goodness by the Viscount， said to herself， ‘We’ll just see，’ and crouched down（蹲伏） inside the cave， tight against her goat and duck. The Viscount stood up in front and held his cloak there like a tent so that neither goat nor duck got wet either. Pamela looked at the hand holding the cloak， remained for a moment deep in thought， began looking at her own hands， compared them with each other， then burst into a roar of laughter.
‘I’m glad to see you so jolly（快乐的）， girl，’ said the Viscount. ‘But why are you laughing， if I may ask？’
‘I’m laughing because I’ve understood what is driving all my fellow villagers quite mad.’
‘What is that？’
‘That you are in part good and in part bad. Now it’s all obvious.’
‘Why’s that？’
‘Because I’ve realized that you are the other half. The Viscount living in the castle， the bad one， is one half. And you’re the other， who was thought lost in the war but has now returned and it’s a good half.’
‘That’s nice of you. Thank you.’
‘Oh， it’s the truth， not a compliment.’
After having told Pamela his story， the good half of the Viscount asked the shepherd girl（牧羊女）to tell him hers. Pamela explained how the bad Medardo was laying siege to（努力追求）her and how she had fled from home and was now wandering in the woods. At Pamela’s account（阐述，解释）the good Medardo was moved， his pity divided between the goat girl’s persecuted virtue（受迫害的美德）， the bad Medardo’s hopeless desolation（孤寂）， and the solitude（孤独，寂寞）of Pamela’s parents.
‘As for them，’ said Pamela， ‘my parents are just a pair of old rogues（流氓，无赖）. There’s no point in your pitying them.’
‘Oh， but just think of them， Pamela， how sad they’ll be in their old home at this hour， without anyone to look after them and work the fields and do out the stall（帮忙照料牲畜）.’
‘It can fall on their heads， can the stall， for all I care！’ said Pamela. ‘I’m beginning to realize that you’re a bit too soft， and instead of attacking that other half of yours for all the swinish（卑鄙的）things he does， you seem almost to pity him as well.’
‘Of course I do！ I know what it means to be half a man， and of course I pity him.’
‘But you’re different； you’re a bit daft（癫狂的，愚笨的）too， but good.”
Then the good Medardo said， ‘Oh， Pamela， that’s the good thing about being halved； that one understands the sorrow of every person and thing in the world at its own incompleteness. I was whole and I did not understand， and moved about deaf and unfeeling amid the pain and sorrow all round us， in places where as a whole person one would least think to find it. It’s not only me， Pamela， who am a split being（分裂的人）， but you and everyone else too. Now I have a fellowship（交情）which I did not understand， did not know before， when whole； a fellowship with all the mutilated（残缺不全的）and incomplete things in the world. If you come with me， Pamela， you’ll learn to suffer with everyone’s ills， and tend your own by tending theirs.’ ‘That sounds all very fine，’ said Pamela， ‘but I’m in a great pickle（处于困境）with that other part of you being in love with me and my not knowing what he wants to do with me.’
My uncle let fall his cloak， as the storm was over.
‘I’m in love with you too， Pamela.’
Pamela jumped out of the cave， ‘What fun！ There’s the sign of the whale in the sky1 and I’ve a new lover！ This one’s halved too， but has a good heart.’
They were walking under branches still dripping， through paths all mud. The Viscount’s half mouth was curved in a sweet， incomplete smile.
‘Well， what shall we do？’ said Pamela.
‘I’d say you ought to go back to your parents， poor things， and help them a bit in their work.’
‘You go if you want to，’ said Pamela.
‘I do indeed want to， my dear，’ exclaimed（呼喊）the Viscount.
‘I’ll stay here，’ said Pamela， and stopped with her duck and goat.
‘Doing good together is the only way to love.’
‘A pity. I thought there were other ways.’
‘Goodbye， my dear. I’ll bring you some honey cake.’
And he hopped off（离开）on his stick along the path.
‘What d’you say， goatee？ What d’you say， duckling dear？’ exclaimed Pamela when alone with her pets. ‘Why must all these oddities（稀奇古怪的事情）come to me？’
Ambling（漫行）through the thickets（灌木丛）on his gaunt（枯瘦的）horse， the Bad ‘Un（即one）thought over his stratagem（计谋）； if Pamela married the Good ‘Un then by law she would be wife to Medardo of Terralba， his wife， that is. By this right the Bad ‘Un would easily be able to take her from his rival， so meek（温顺的）and unaggressive（没有攻击性的）.
Then he met Pamela， who said to him， ‘Viscount， I have decided that we’ll marry if you are willing.’
‘You and who？’ exclaimed the Viscount.
‘Me and you， and I’ll come to the castle and be the Viscountess.’
The Bad ‘Un had not expected this at all， and thought， ‘Then it’s useless to arrange all the play-acting（表演）of getting her married to my other half； I’ll marry her myself and that’ll be that.’
So he said， ‘Right.’
Pamela said， ‘Arrange things with my father.’
A little later Pamela met the Good ‘Un on his mule（骡子）.
‘Medardo，’ she said， ‘I realize now that I’m really in love with you and if you wish to make me happy you must ask for my hand in marriage.’
The poor man， who had made that great renunciation（放弃）for love of her， sat open-mouthed. ‘If she’s happy to marry me， I can’t get her to marry the other one any more，’ he thought， and said， ‘My dear， I’ll hurry to see about the ceremony.’
‘Arrange things with my mother， do，’ she said.
1. The sign of whale in the sky： 指古希腊神话中的鲸鱼座（Cetus）。埃塞俄比亚国王的女儿安德洛美达因母亲炫耀其美貌而触怒海神，被绑在海边的礁石上祭海兽刻托（Ceto）。勇士珀耳修斯（Perseus）用美杜沙的脑袋把刻托变为石头并救出少女。后来宙斯把珀耳修斯升为天空中的英仙座，安德洛美达为仙女座，而海兽刻托则变成了鲸鱼座。书中当帕米拉听说左半边子爵也爱上了她时，感觉自己就像那个祭海兽的少女：正当她陷入邪恶的右半边子爵的魔爪时，善良的左半边子爵来救她了，就像珀耳修斯救出了安德洛美达。