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帖子词是宋代出现的一种新文体,是由学士院所撰进的皇宫门帖用诗,主要用于立春、端午两节。通过对现存王曾、夏竦与晏殊三人作品的考察,笔者认为最早的帖子词是夏竦写于北宋真宗大中祥符八年十二月立春前的《春帖子》,具体时间在十二月初十五至十九之间,当时的任职是礼部员外郎、知制诰。晏殊紧随其后,其一组《端午词》写于天禧二年(1018)端午前,当时的身份为左正言、直史馆,升王府记室参军。由此可见早期帖子词并非为翰林学士所作。
Post word is a new style appeared in the Song Dynasty, is a college entrance examination of the palace gate posts poetry, mainly for the beginning of spring, Dragon Boat Festival. Through the investigation of the extant works of Wang Zeng, Xia Tuan and Yan Shu, the author thinks the earliest posting word is Xia Chun’s “Spring Post” written before the beginning of the eighth spring of the 8th year of Emperor Zhenzong in the Northern Song Dynasty. The specific time is ten Between the fifteenth and the early February of this February, the position held at the time was Ritual Wa Oyaburo, a member of the righteous regime. Yan followed closely, a group of “Dragon Boat Festival” written in Tianxi two years (1018) before the Dragon Boat Festival, when the identity of the left is the right, the Museum of History, Sheng palace orchestration of the army. This shows that the early postword is not made for the Hanlin bachelor.