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目的了解江苏省外来务工人员结核病防治知识、态度、行为现状,为采取干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法在江苏省泰兴、丹阳、张家港市抽取18家建筑生产企业653名外来务工人员进行问卷调查。结果江苏省外来务工人员结核病防治知识总体知晓率和及格率分别为55.6%和58.5%;多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,已婚(OR=1.631)和最近半年接受过结核病防治知识宣传教育(OR=5.609)的外来务工人员知识及格率较高;653名外来务工人员中,5.5%选择与患肺结核的同事朋友疏远,17.2%会像便平常一样对待,77.2%会对其更加关心,同时注意自我保护;84.1%在怀疑自己或家人患肺结核后,选择去定点医院或疾病预防控制中心就诊治疗;72.3%会在冬春季经常开窗通风;65.4%表示不会随地吐痰;知识及格外来务工人员的正确态度持有率为84.3%,高于不及格外来务工人员的67.2%(χ2=26.429,P=0.000);结核防治知识及格外来务工人员就医行为、经常开窗通风行为和不随地吐痰行为的正确行为率分别为92.7%、80.9%和74.9%,均高于知识不及格外来务工人员的72.0%、60.1%和52.0%(均P=0.000);结核防治态度正确外来务工人员就医行为、经常开窗通风行为和不随地吐痰行为的正确行为率分别为89.7%、75.8%和70.4%,均高于态度不正确外来务工人员的65.1%、60.4%和48.3%(均P=0.000)。结论江苏省外来务工人员对结核病防治知识了解不全面;外来务工人员结核病防治知识的提高有利于其正确态度与行为的形成。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of tuberculosis prevention and control among migrant workers in Jiangsu Province and provide a reference for the intervention. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to survey 653 migrant workers from 18 construction enterprises in Taixing, Danyang and Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Province. Results The overall awareness rate and passing rate of tuberculosis prevention and control among migrant workers in Jiangsu Province were 55.6% and 58.5% respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that married (OR = 1.631) and knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and education (OR = 5.609). The 653 migrant workers, 5.5% chose to be alienated from colleagues and colleagues who have TB, 17.2% would be treated as usual and 77.2% would pay more attention to them while paying attention Self-protection; 84.1% chose to go to designated hospitals or CDC for treatment after they suspected they or their family members had TB; 72.3% would often open windows and ventilations in winter and spring; 65.4% said they would not spit; knowledge and migrant workers The correct holding rate was 84.3%, higher than 67.2% (χ2 = 26.429, P = 0.000) of migrant workers who did not pass the examination. Knowledge of prevention and treatment of tuberculosis, medical treatment for migrant workers, frequent windowless ventilation and vomiting The correct behaviors of sputum behaviors were 92.7%, 80.9% and 74.9%, respectively, which were higher than 72.0%, 60.1% and 52.0% (P = 0.000) The correct behavior rates for medical treatment, frequent window ventilation and non-spitting behaviors were 89.7%, 75.8% and 70.4%, respectively, which were higher than 65.1%, 60.4% and 48.3% of migrant workers with incorrect attitudes P = 0.000). Conclusion Migrant workers in Jiangsu Province do not have a complete understanding of tuberculosis prevention and treatment knowledge. Increasing TB knowledge of migrant workers is conducive to the formation of correct attitudes and behavior.