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水土资源是一种无法替代的自然资源。植树造林和封山育林是防治山地丘陵区水上流失,保护、改良和合理利用水土资源,建立良好生态环境,发展农业生产的一项重要措施。因地制宜发展水保林和经济林,不仅改善环境质量,提高环境容量,而且有利于维护人类与自然界生存、发展的协调性和和谐性,达到生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的最佳组合。一、水保林的作用在小流域综合治理中,营造水保林是一项重要的生物措施,蓄水保土效益明显。实践证明,5万亩面积的森林所蓄水量相当于一个100万立方米的小型水库。在地面有森林覆盖的地方,下雨时,树冠能承受雨水的冲击并可截留25％的降雨,其余的雨水顺着树干流到地面,或从树叶上滴落下来,减轻了雨水对地面的直接
Land and water resources are an irreplaceable natural resource. Afforestation and closing hillsides afforestation is an important measure to prevent and treat water loss in mountainous hilly areas, protect, improve and make rational use of soil and water resources, establish a good ecological environment and develop agricultural production. The development of water conservation forest and economic forest according to local conditions not only improves the environmental quality and enhances the environmental capacity, but also helps to maintain the harmony and harmony between human and nature’s existence and development and achieve the best combination of ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits. First, the role of water and water forest In the comprehensive management of small watershed, creating water and forest is an important biological measures, water and soil conservation benefits. Practice has proved that 50000 acres of forest water storage capacity equivalent to a small reservoir of 1 million cubic meters. In the forest where the ground is covered, when it rains, the canopy can withstand the impact of rain and can retain 25% of the rainfall, the rest of the rain along the trunk flow to the ground, or dripping from the leaves, reducing the rain on the ground direct