集中锚固的锚杆象涨圈锚杆、倒楔锚杆等都是靠锚杆两端对岩体施加集中力来达到锚固目的.该类锚杆施作及时、安全可靠,价格适宜,因此仍被广泛应用于矿山建设中.这类锚杆在施加了锚固力P之后,岩体内必然会产生附加应力,这些附加应力增强了岩体的强度,在变形能释放以后,岩体自身由负载转变成承载结构。下面我们分析一下这种附加应力的分布状况.在分析之前,我们首先假定岩体是均质连续的,岩体内的节理、层理等弱面不影响压应力、剪应力的传递,这样就把问题局限在各向同性的弹性体范围之内。我们把埋在岩体内部的一端叫做“锚头”,另一端叫做“锚尾”.对“锚头”来讲,相当于一个集中力作用在弹性体内的一点上,若取该点为坐标 Concentrated anchoring bolt such as ring bolt, inverted wedge anchor and so on by both ends of the anchor to exert a concentrated force on the rock mass to achieve the purpose of anchoring. Such bolt made for timely, safe and reliable, affordable, so still Is widely used in the construction of mines.After the anchoring force P is applied to these anchors, additional stress will inevitably be generated in the rock mass, and these additional stresses increase the strength of the rock mass. After the deformation energy is released, the rock mass itself is loaded by the load Transform into bearing structure. Before analyzing, we first assume that the rock mass is homogeneous and continuous, and the weak surfaces such as joints and bedding in the rock mass do not affect the transmission of compressive stress and shear stress, so that Limit the problem to isotropic elastomers. We call the buried end of the rock inside the “anchor head” and the other end is called “anchor tail.” For the “anchor head”, it is equivalent to a concentrated force acting on the elastic body. If the point is taken as the coordinate