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以甜瓜伊丽莎白品种为试验材料,在大棚甜瓜生殖生长期设置5个不同梯度的灌水量,甜瓜坐果后开始不同灌水处理,分别为T85(85%θfc,θfc表示田间持水量)、T75(75%θfc)、T65(65%θfc)、T55(55%θfc)、T45(45%θfc),研究不同亏缺灌溉程度下果实生长发育状况及对果实品质影响。结果表明:果实发育分3个阶段,分别为授粉后的7~10 d(果径增长速率3~5 mm·d-1)、10~19 d(1~2 mm·d-1)和19~35 d(<1 mm·d-1);果实增长速率随着补充灌水的进行而呈波动趋势,不同灌溉条件下补充灌水后产生不同程度的复水补偿效应,一定程度上弥补了水分胁迫对产量造成的影响;随着灌水量的减少,各处理与T85相比产量分别降低了0.60%、3.59%、10.18%和16.17%,单果重T75与T85无差异,其他各处理则与T85差异显著;随着亏缺灌溉程度的加深,果实横、纵径减小,果皮变薄,果形指数随之降低;可溶性固形物含量、边糖、心糖先升高后降低的趋势,以T75最高;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白以T75含量最高,各处理差异不显著;Vc及游离氨基酸含量以T65最高,并与其他各处理差异显著;糖、酸含量以T75最高,T65、T55、T45均与之差异显著。在武汉地区可以T75为甜瓜生殖生长期的灌水指标,指导大棚甜瓜的水分管理。
Five melons with different gradients were set up during the reproductive growth period of melon in greenhouse with melon and elixir varieties as experimental materials. The melons were treated with different irrigation treatments (T85 (85% θfc, θfc for field capacity), 75% for T75 (65% θfc), T55 (55% θfc), and T45 (45% θfc) were used to study the fruit growth and development under different deficit irrigation and their effects on fruit quality. The results showed that there were three stages of fruit development, which were 7-10 days after pollination (3 ~ 5 mm · d-1), 10-19 days (1-2 mm · d-1) and 19 ~ 35 d (<1 mm · d-1). The fruit growth rate fluctuated with the increase of supplementary irrigation. Under different irrigation conditions, different degrees of rehydration compensation effect resulted from different irrigation conditions, which compensated for the water stress The yield of each treatment was reduced by 0.60%, 3.59%, 10.18% and 16.17% respectively compared with that of T85 with the decrease of irrigation volume. There was no difference between T75 and T85 of fruit weight and the difference of T85 Significantly; with the deepening of deficit irrigation, the transverse and longitudinal diameter of fruit decreased, the pericarp became thinner, the fruit shape index decreased; the content of soluble solid, sugar and heart sugar first increased and then decreased, and T75 The content of soluble sugar and soluble protein was the highest in T75, the difference was not significant in all treatments; the content of Vc and free amino acids was the highest in T65, and the difference was significant with other treatments; the content of T75, T65, T55 and T45 were the highest The difference is significant. In the region of Wuhan, T75 can be used as irrigation index for reproductive growth of muskmelon to guide the water management of melon in greenhouse.