新兵基础训练期间军事训练伤(简称新训伤)是一种军事劳动损伤,属于军人的职业性危害,其发生机制、影响因素有特定的规律和流行病学特点。近年来随着此类研究的深入,对新训伤发生原因、机制、致伤因素的理解取得了很大进展。主要突破有:①认定心理状态是新训伤发生的关键因素;②阐明了新训伤发生的中心环节是运动疲劳,主要原因是训练计划和组织实施不科学;③确定足过度旋前、髋过度外旋、体重、胫骨宽度及训练鞋等是新训伤发生的危险因素,直接因素为性别、体质、训练周期、医学 During military training training, military training injuries (referred to as “new training injuries”) are a kind of military labor injury that belongs to the occupational hazards of military personnel. The mechanism and influencing factors have certain laws and epidemiological characteristics. In recent years, with the deepening of such research, great progress has been made in the understanding of the causes, mechanisms and injury factors of new training injuries. The main breakthroughs are as follows: (1) Psychological status is the key factor of new injury; (2) It is clarified that the central part of new injury is fatigue, mainly due to unscientific training plan and organization; (3) Excessive external rotation, body weight, tibia width and training shoes are new risk factors of injury, the direct factors of gender, physical fitness, training cycle, medicine