引言智能是凭借怎样一种“心理系统”实现的呢?要阐明这一点决不容易。回顾智能研究的漫长历史就可以明白。心理系统的阐明之所以困难,是因为它是非常复杂的,同时还由于智能研究所依据的理论框架尚不明确。当今智能研究的一个问题就是构成智能理论之基础的概念尚未充分明确。例如,即使知识、信息之类的基础概念也不存在明确的界定。作为智能科学的“认知科学”的一种作用,就在 INTRODUCTION INTELLIGENCE IS REALIZED BY WHAT THEY IS A “PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEM”? It is never easy to clarify this. It is understandable to review the long history of intelligent research. The reason why the mental system is elucidated is difficult because it is very complex, and because the theoretical framework on which the intelligent research is based is not yet clear. One of the problems in today’s intelligent research is that the concepts that underpin intelligence theory have not been fully understood. For example, even basic concepts such as knowledge and information do not have a clear definition. As a role of intelligent science “cognitive science ”, there is